Flutter哈希计算插件hashlib的使用

简介

hashlib 是一个为Dart设计的库，它包含了多种安全哈希函数、校验和生成器以及密钥派生算法。这些算法经过优化，能够高效地运行在Dart环境中。以下是关于如何使用 hashlib 插件进行哈希计算的详细指南。

依赖项

• hashlib_codecs

功能特性

块哈希算法

密码/密钥派生算法

消息认证码(MAC)生成器

OTP生成（用于双因素认证）

其他哈希算法

随机算法

随机数生成器

通过 HashlibRandom 提供：

• secure
• system
• keccak
• sha256
• md5
• xxh64
• sm3

UUID生成器

通过 uuid 提供：

• v1
• v3
• v4
• v5
• v6
• v7
• v8

示例代码

Hashilb Example

import 'package:hashlib/codecs.dart';
import 'package:hashlib/hashlib.dart';

void main() {
  var text = "Happy Hashing!";
  print("text => $text");

  final key = "password";
  final salt = "some salt";
  print("key => $key");
  print("salt => $salt");
  print('');

  final pw = key.codeUnits;
  final iv = salt.codeUnits;

  // Example of hash-code generations
  print('XXH32 => ${xxh32code(text)}');
  print('CRC32 => ${crc32code(text)}');
  print('Alder32 => ${alder32code(text)}');
  print('CRC16 => ${crc16code(text)}');
  print('');

  // Examples of Hash generation
  print('CRC64 => ${crc64sum(text)}');
  print('XXH64 => ${xxh64sum(text)}');
  print('XXH3 => ${xxh3sum(text)}');
  print('XXH128 => ${xxh128sum(text)}');
  print('MD2 => ${md2.string(text)}');
  print('MD4 => ${md4.string(text)}');
  print('MD5 => ${md5.string(text)}');
  print('SHA-1 => ${sha1.string(text)}');
  print('SHA-224 => ${sha224.string(text)}');
  print('SHA-256 => ${sha256.string(text)}');
  print('SHA-384 => ${sha384.string(text)}');
  print('SHA-512 => ${sha512.string(text)}');
  print('SHA-512/224 => ${sha512t224.string(text)}');
  print('SHA-512/256 => ${sha512t256.string(text)}');
  print('SHA3-224 => ${sha3_224.string(text)}');
  print('SHA3-256 => ${sha3_256.string(text)}');
  print('SHA3-384 => ${sha3_384.string(text)}');
  print('SHA3-512 => ${sha3_512.string(text)}');
  print('Keccak-224 => ${keccak224.string(text)}');
  print('Keccak-256 => ${keccak256.string(text)}');
  print('Keccak-384 => ${keccak384.string(text)}');
  print('Keccak-512 => ${keccak512.string(text)}');
  print('SHAKE-128 => ${shake128.of(20).string(text)}');
  print('SHAKE-256 => ${shake256.of(20).string(text)}');
  print('BLAKE2s-256 => ${blake2s256.string(text)}');
  print('BLAKE2b-512 => ${blake2b512.string(text)}');
  print('SM3] => ${sm3.string(text)}');
  print('');

  // Examples of MAC generations
  print('HMAC/MD5 => ${md5.hmac.by(pw).string(text)}');
  print('HMAC/SHA1 => ${sha1.hmac.byString(text)}');
  print('HMAC/SHA256 => ${sha256.hmac.byString(key).string(text)}');
  print('HMAC/SHA3-256 => ${HMAC(sha3_256).by(pw).string(text)}');
  print("HMAC/BLAKE2b-256 => ${blake2b512.hmac.by(pw).string(text)}");
  print("BLAKE-2b-MAC/256 => ${blake2b256.mac.by(pw).string(text)}");
  print("BLAKE-2b-MAC/224 => ${Blake2b(28).mac.by(pw).string(text)}");
  print('');

  // Examples of OTP generation
  int nw = DateTime.now().millisecondsSinceEpoch ~/ 30000;
  var counter = fromHex(nw.toRadixString(16).padLeft(16, '0'));
  print('TOTP[time=$nw] => ${TOTP(iv).value()}');
  print('HOTP[counter=$nw] => ${HOTP(iv, counter: counter).value()}');
  print('');
}

Key Generation Example

import 'package:hashlib/hashlib.dart';

void main() {
  final key = "password";
  final salt = "some salt";
  print("key => $key");
  print("salt => $salt");
  print('');

  final pw = key.codeUnits;
  final iv = salt.codeUnits;

  // Examples of Argon2 key derivation
  final argon2Test = Argon2Security.test;
  print("[Argon2i] => ${argon2i(pw, iv, security: argon2Test)}");
  print("[Argon2d] => ${argon2d(pw, iv, security: argon2Test)}");
  print("[Argon2id] => ${argon2id(pw, iv, security: argon2Test)}");

  // Examples of scrypt key derivation
  final scryptLittle = ScryptSecurity.little;
  print("[scrypt] => ${scrypt(pw, iv, security: scryptLittle, dklen: 24)}");
  print('');

  // Examples of bcrypt key derivation
  final bcryptLittle = BcryptSecurity.little;
  print("[bcrypt] => ${bcrypt(pw, bcryptSalt(security: bcryptLittle))}");
  print('');

  // Examples of PBKDF2 key derivation
  print("SHA256/HMAC/PBKDF2 => ${pbkdf2(pw, iv).hex()}");
  print("BLAKE2b-256/HMAC/PBKDF2 => ${blake2b256.pbkdf2(iv).hex(pw)}");
  print("BLAKE2b-256/MAC/PBKDF2 => ${blake2b256.mac.pbkdf2(iv).hex(pw)}");
  print("SHA1/HMAC/PBKDF2 => ${sha1.pbkdf2(iv, iterations: 100).hex(pw)}");
  print('');
}

Random Example

import 'package:hashlib/codecs.dart';
import 'package:hashlib/random.dart';

void main() {
  print('UUID Generation:');
  print('UUIDv1: ${uuid.v1()}');
  print('UUIDv3: ${uuid.v3()}');
  print('UUIDv4: ${uuid.v4()}');
  print('UUIDv5: ${uuid.v5()}');
  print('UUIDv6: ${uuid.v6()}');
  print('UUIDv7: ${uuid.v7()}');
  print('UUIDv8: ${uuid.v8()}');
  print('');

  print('Random Generation:');
  print(randomNumbers(4));
  print(toHex(randomBytes(16)));
  print(randomString(32, lower: true, whitelist: '_'.codeUnits));
  print('');
}

性能基准测试

hashlib 在性能上表现出色，特别是在处理大文件或大量数据时。以下是一些性能对比：

处理5MB消息（10次迭代）

处理1KB消息（5000次迭代）

处理10B消息（100000次迭代）

结论

hashlib 是一个功能强大且高效的哈希计算库，适用于各种哈希算法和密钥派生需求。无论是开发加密应用还是需要高性能的哈希计算，hashlib 都是一个值得信赖的选择。