Flutter移动功能增强插件mobility_features的使用
Flutter移动功能增强插件mobility_features的使用
Mobility Features 插件简介
Mobility Features
是一个用于基于手机位置跟踪实时计算移动特征的Flutter插件。该插件可以收集以下位置特征:
- places(地点)
- stops(停留点)
- moves(移动)
从这些基础特征中,插件会计算出一系列衍生特征,包括但不限于:
- 重要地点数量
- 家居停留时间
- 位置熵
- 归一化位置熵
- 行驶距离
更多关于这些移动特征的理论背景,请参见理论背景部分。
Setup 配置
添加依赖
在您的 pubspec.yaml
文件中添加 mobility_features
依赖,并在代码中导入:
import 'package:mobility_features/mobility_features.dart';
MobilityFeatures
类是一个单例模式类,可以通过 MobilityFeatures()
在代码中访问。
Step 1 - 参数配置
根据需求调整参数以影响特征算法:
- 停留半径(stop radius):建议保持较低值(5-20米)
- 地点半径(place radius):稍高一点(25-50米)
- 停留时长(stop duration):通常应小于3分钟
示例配置如下:
void initState() {
...
MobilityFeatures().stopDuration = Duration(seconds: 20);
MobilityFeatures().placeRadius = 50;
MobilityFeatures().stopRadius = 5.0;
}
Step 2 - 设置位置流
由于此包不直接支持位置数据收集,因此需要使用其他位置插件,如 carp_background_location 或 location 来实现位置流。以下是使用 carp_background_location
插件的一个例子:
void streamInit() async {
locationStream = LocationManager().locationStream;
// 启动位置服务
await LocationManager().start();
// 将 [LocationDto] 映射为 [LocationSample]
Stream<LocationSample> locationSampleStream = locationStream.map(
(location) => LocationSample(
GeoLocation(location.latitude, location.longitude),
DateTime.now()));
// 提供 [MobilityFeatures] 实例与位置样本流
MobilityFeatures().startListening(locationSampleStream);
// 订阅 [MobilityContext] 更新
mobilitySubscription =
MobilityFeatures().contextStream.listen(onMobilityContext);
}
注意:必须处理好位置权限问题,确保应用能持续在后台获取位置信息。
Step 3 - 监听移动特征
每当有新的 MobilityContext
对象生成时,回调方法 onMobilityContext
将被调用:
void onMobilityContext(MobilityContext context) {
print('Context received: ${context.toJson()}');
}
通过 toJson()
方法,您可以将 MobilityContext
对象序列化为JSON格式,便于查看或进一步处理。
示例代码
下面是一个完整的示例应用程序,它展示了如何使用 mobility_features
插件来收集并展示移动特征。
library mobility_app;
import 'dart:async';
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:permission_handler/permission_handler.dart';
import 'package:carp_background_location/carp_background_location.dart';
import 'package:mobility_features/mobility_features.dart';
part 'stops_page.dart';
part 'moves_page.dart';
part 'places_page.dart';
// ... 省略了一些辅助函数 ...
class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
const MyApp({super.key});
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return MaterialApp(
title: 'Mobility Features Example',
theme: ThemeData(
primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
),
home: const HomePage(title: 'Mobility Features Example'),
);
}
}
class HomePage extends StatefulWidget {
const HomePage({super.key, required this.title});
final String title;
@override
HomePageState createState() => HomePageState();
}
class HomePageState extends State<HomePage> {
AppState _state = AppState.NO_FEATURES;
int _currentIndex = 0;
late Stream<LocationDto> locationStream;
late StreamSubscription<LocationDto> locationSubscription;
late StreamSubscription<MobilityContext> mobilitySubscription;
late MobilityContext _mobilityContext;
@override
void initState() {
super.initState();
MobilityFeatures().stopDuration = const Duration(seconds: 20);
MobilityFeatures().placeRadius = 50.0;
MobilityFeatures().stopRadius = 5.0;
LocationManager().distanceFilter = 0;
LocationManager().interval = 1;
LocationManager().notificationTitle = 'Mobility Features';
LocationManager().notificationMsg = 'Your geo-location is being tracked';
streamInit();
}
Future<void> streamInit() async {
await requestNotificationPermission();
if (!await isLocationAlwaysGranted()) {
await requestLocationPermission();
await askForLocationAlwaysPermission();
}
locationStream = LocationManager().locationStream;
await LocationManager().start();
Stream<LocationSample> locationSampleStream = locationStream.map(
(location) => LocationSample(
GeoLocation(location.latitude, location.longitude),
DateTime.now()));
await MobilityFeatures().startListening(locationSampleStream);
mobilitySubscription =
MobilityFeatures().contextStream.listen(onMobilityContext);
}
Future<bool> isLocationAlwaysGranted() async {
bool granted = false;
try {
granted = await Permission.locationAlways.isGranted;
} catch (e) {
print(e);
}
return granted;
}
Future<bool> askForLocationAlwaysPermission() async {
bool granted = false;
try {
granted = await Permission.locationAlways.isGranted;
} catch (e) {
print(e);
}
if (!granted) {
granted =
await Permission.locationAlways.request() == PermissionStatus.granted;
}
return granted;
}
Future<void> requestLocationPermission() async {
final result = await Permission.location.request();
if (result == PermissionStatus.granted) {
print('GRANTED');
} else {
print('NOT GRANTED');
}
}
Future<void> requestNotificationPermission() async {
final result = await Permission.notification.request();
if (result == PermissionStatus.granted) {
print('NOTIFICATION GRANTED');
} else {
print('NOTIFICATION NOT GRANTED');
}
}
void onMobilityContext(MobilityContext context) {
print('Context received: ${context.toJson()}');
setState(() {
_state = AppState.FEATURES_READY;
_mobilityContext = context;
});
}
@override
void dispose() {
mobilitySubscription.cancel();
locationSubscription.cancel();
super.dispose();
}
Widget get featuresOverview {
return ListView(
children: <Widget>[
entry("Stops", "${_mobilityContext.stops?.length}", stopIcon),
entry("Moves", "${_mobilityContext.moves?.length}", moveIcon),
entry("Significant Places",
"${_mobilityContext.numberOfSignificantPlaces}", placeIcon),
entry(
"Home Stay",
_mobilityContext.homeStay == null || _mobilityContext.homeStay! < 0
? "?"
: "${(_mobilityContext.homeStay! * 100).toStringAsFixed(1)}%",
homeStayIcon),
entry(
"Distance Traveled",
"${(_mobilityContext.distanceTraveled! / 1000).toStringAsFixed(2)} km",
distanceTraveledIcon),
entry(
"Normalized Entropy",
"${_mobilityContext.normalizedEntropy?.toStringAsFixed(2)}",
entropyIcon),
entry(
"Location Variance",
"${(111.133 * _mobilityContext.locationVariance!).toStringAsFixed(5)} km",
varianceIcon),
],
);
}
List<Widget> get contentNoFeatures {
return [
Container(
margin: const EdgeInsets.all(25),
child: const Text(
'Move around to start generating features',
style: TextStyle(fontSize: 20),
))
];
}
List<Widget> get contentFeaturesReady {
return [
Container(
margin: const EdgeInsets.all(25),
child: Column(children: [
const Text(
'Statistics for today,',
style: TextStyle(fontSize: 20),
),
Text(
formatDate(_mobilityContext.date!),
style: const TextStyle(fontSize: 20, color: Colors.blue),
),
])),
Expanded(child: featuresOverview),
];
}
Widget get content {
List<Widget> children;
if (_state == AppState.FEATURES_READY) {
children = contentFeaturesReady;
} else {
children = contentNoFeatures;
}
return Column(children: children);
}
void onTabTapped(int index) {
setState(() {
_currentIndex = index;
});
}
Widget get navBar => BottomNavigationBar(
onTap: onTabTapped,
currentIndex: _currentIndex,
type: BottomNavigationBarType.fixed,
items: const [
BottomNavigationBarItem(icon: featuresIcon, label: 'Features'),
BottomNavigationBarItem(icon: stopIcon, label: 'Stops'),
BottomNavigationBarItem(icon: placeIcon, label: 'Places'),
BottomNavigationBarItem(icon: moveIcon, label: 'Moves')
],
);
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
List<Stop> stops = [];
List<Move> moves = [];
List<Place> places = [];
if (_state == AppState.FEATURES_READY) {
for (var x in _mobilityContext.stops!) {
print(x);
}
for (var x in _mobilityContext.moves!) {
print(x);
print('${x.stopFrom} --> ${x.stopTo}');
}
stops = _mobilityContext.stops ?? [];
moves = _mobilityContext.moves ?? [];
places = _mobilityContext.places ?? [];
}
List<Widget> pages = [
content,
StopsPage(stops),
PlacesPage(places),
MovesPage(moves),
];
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(
backgroundColor: Colors.teal,
title: Text(widget.title),
),
body: pages[_currentIndex],
bottomNavigationBar: navBar,
);
}
}
此示例程序包含了一个主界面,用于显示当前收集到的所有移动特征统计信息;以及三个子页面,分别用于详细展示停留点、地点和移动路径的具体信息。用户可以通过底部导航栏在这四个页面之间切换浏览。
更多关于Flutter移动功能增强插件mobility_features的使用的实战系列教程也可以访问 https://www.itying.com/category-92-b0.html
更多关于Flutter移动功能增强插件mobility_features的使用的实战系列教程也可以访问 https://www.itying.com/category-92-b0.html
当然,我可以为你提供一个关于如何使用Flutter的mobility_features
插件的代码案例。mobility_features
插件主要用于增强Flutter应用在移动设备上的功能,比如电池状态监测、设备方向管理等。以下是一个简单的示例,展示了如何使用该插件来获取设备的电池状态信息。
首先,确保你已经在pubspec.yaml
文件中添加了mobility_features
依赖:
dependencies:
flutter:
sdk: flutter
mobility_features: ^x.y.z # 替换为最新版本号
然后,运行flutter pub get
来安装依赖。
接下来,编写Flutter代码来获取电池状态信息。下面是一个完整的示例:
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:mobility_features/mobility_features.dart';
void main() {
runApp(MyApp());
}
class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return MaterialApp(
title: 'Mobility Features Demo',
theme: ThemeData(
primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
),
home: BatteryStatusScreen(),
);
}
}
class BatteryStatusScreen extends StatefulWidget {
@override
_BatteryStatusScreenState createState() => _BatteryStatusScreenState();
}
class _BatteryStatusScreenState extends State<BatteryStatusScreen> {
BatteryStatus? _batteryStatus;
@override
void initState() {
super.initState();
_checkBatteryStatus();
}
Future<void> _checkBatteryStatus() async {
try {
final batteryInfo = await Battery.instance.batteryState;
setState(() {
_batteryStatus = batteryInfo;
});
} catch (e) {
print('Error checking battery status: $e');
}
}
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(
title: Text('Battery Status Demo'),
),
body: Center(
child: _batteryStatus == null
? CircularProgressIndicator()
: Column(
mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
children: [
Text('Battery Level: ${_batteryStatus!.level * 100}%'),
Text('Is Charging: ${_batteryStatus!.isCharging ? 'Yes' : 'No'}'),
],
),
),
);
}
}
在这个示例中,我们做了以下几件事:
- 引入必要的包:引入了
flutter/material.dart
和mobility_features/mobility_features.dart
。 - 创建主应用:使用
MaterialApp
作为应用的主框架。 - 创建电池状态屏幕:创建了一个有状态的
BatteryStatusScreen
小部件,用于显示电池状态信息。 - 初始化电池状态检查:在
initState
方法中调用_checkBatteryStatus
方法来获取电池状态。 - 显示电池状态:根据获取到的电池状态信息,更新UI显示电池电量和充电状态。
请注意,mobility_features
插件的功能可能会随着版本的更新而有所变化,因此建议查阅最新的官方文档以获取最新的使用方法和API。此外,在实际应用中,你可能还需要处理更多的边界情况和错误处理逻辑。