Flutter数据序列化插件dson的使用

发布于 1周前 作者 sinazl 来自 Flutter

Flutter数据序列化插件dson的使用

DSON是一个将Dart对象转换为它们的JSON表示形式的库。

特点

  • DSON使用serializable和built_mirrors库来替代Dartson使用的自定义转换器。
  • DSON支持序列化循环引用，并通过expand参数允许用户指定要序列化的对象图深度。
  • DSON提供了两种方式排除属性：
    • 使用@ignore注解每个属性。
    • 使用exclude映射作为toJson方法的参数。

安装和配置

  1. 创建一个新的Dart项目。
  2. 在pubspec.yaml文件中添加依赖项：
dependencies:
  #...
  dson: any # 替换为最新版本
  #...

dev_dependencies:
  #...
  build_runner: any
  build_web_compilers: any
  #...
  1. 编辑bin/main.dart或web/main.dart文件并添加以下代码：
library example.object_to_json; // 这一行是为了生成器

import 'package:dson/dson.dart';

part 'object_to_json.g.dart'; // 这一行是为了生成器

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
class Person extends SerializableMap with _$PersonSerializable {
  int? id;
  String? firstName;
  var lastName; // 这是一个动态属性，可以是String, int, double, num, date或其他类型
  double? height;
  DateTime? dateOfBirth;

  @SerializedName("renamed")
  String? otherName;

  @ignore
  String? notVisible;

  // 私有成员永远不会被序列化
  String? _private = "name";

  String? get doGetter => _private;
}

void main() {
  _initMirrors();

  Person object = Person()
    ..id = 1
    ..firstName = "Jhon"
    ..lastName = "Doe"
    ..height = 1.8
    ..dateOfBirth = DateTime(1988, 4, 1, 6, 31)
    ..otherName = "Juan"
    ..notVisible = "hallo";

  String jsonString = toJson(object);
  print(jsonString);
  // 将打印: '{"id":1,"firstName":"Jhon","lastName":"Doe","height":1.8,"dateOfBirth":"1988-04-01T06:31:00.000","renamed":"Juan","doGetter":"name"}'
}
  1. 运行以下命令之一：
  • dart run build_runner build
  • dart run build_runner watch
  • dart run build_runner serve

将对象转换为JSON字符串

要将对象转换为JSON字符串，只需使用toJson函数，并传递object给该函数作为参数：

library example.object_to_json; // 这一行是为了生成器

import 'package:dson/dson.dart';

part 'object_to_json.g.dart'; // 这一行是为了生成器

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
class Person extends SerializableMap with _$PersonSerializable {
  int? id;
  String? firstName;
  var lastName; // 这是一个动态属性，可以是String, int, double, num, date或其他类型
  double? height;
  DateTime? dateOfBirth;

  @SerializedName("renamed")
  String? otherName;

  @ignore
  String? notVisible;

  // 私有成员永远不会被序列化
  String? _private = "name";

  String? get doGetter => _private;
}

void main() {
  _initMirrors();

  Person object = Person()
    ..id = 1
    ..firstName = "Jhon"
    ..lastName = "Doe"
    ..height = 1.8
    ..dateOfBirth = DateTime(1988, 4, 1, 6, 31)
    ..otherName = "Juan"
    ..notVisible = "hallo";

  String jsonString = toJson(object);
  print(jsonString);
  // 将打印: '{"id":1,"firstName":"Jhon","lastName":"Doe","height":1.8,"dateOfBirth":"1988-04-01T06:31:00.000","renamed":"Juan","doGetter":"name"}'
}

将对象转换为Map

要将对象转换为Map，只需使用toMap函数，并传递object给该函数作为参数：

library example.object_to_map; // 这一行是为了生成器

import 'package:dson/dson.dart';

part 'object_to_map.g.dart'; // 这一行是为了生成器

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
class Person extends SerializableMap with _$PersonSerializable {
  int? id;
  String? firstName;
  var lastName; // 这是一个动态属性，可以是String, int, double, num, date或其他类型
  double? height;
  DateTime? dateOfBirth;

  @SerializedName("renamed")
  String? otherName;

  @ignore
  String? notVisible;

  // 私有成员永远不会被序列化
  String? _private = "name";

  String? get doGetter => _private;
}

void main() {
  _initMirrors();

  Person object = Person()
    ..id = 1
    ..firstName = "Jhon"
    ..lastName = "Doe"
    ..height = 1.8
    ..dateOfBirth = DateTime(1988, 4, 1, 6, 31)
    ..otherName = "Juan"
    ..notVisible = "hallo";

  Map map = toMap(object);
  print(map);
  // 将打印: '{id:1, firstName: Jhon, lastName: Doe, height: 1.8, dateOfBirth: 1988-04-01T06:31:00.000, renamed: Juan, doGetter: name}'
}

序列化循环引用的对象

要序列化包含循环引用的对象，需要使用@cyclical注解。如果存在此注解且未设置expand变量，则非原始对象将不会被解析，仅ID（或哈希表，如果对象不包含ID）将存在。让我们看下一个例子：

library example.serialize_cyclical; // 这一行是为了生成器

import 'package:dson/dson.dart';

part 'serialize_cyclical.g.dart'; // 这一行是为了生成器

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
@cyclical
class Employee extends SerializableMap with _$EmployeeSerializable {
  @uId int? key;
  String? firstName;
  String? lastName;

  Address? address;

  Employee? manager;
}

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
@cyclical
class Address extends SerializableMap with _$AddressSerializable {
  @uId int? key;
  String? street;
  String? city;
  String? country;
  String? postalCode;

  Employee? owner;
}

void main() {
  _initMirrors();

  var manager = Employee()
    ..key = 1
    ..firstName = 'Jhon'
    ..lastName = 'Doe';
  manager.address = Address()
    ..key = 1
    ..street = 'some street'
    ..city = 'Miami'
    ..country = 'USA'
    ..owner = manager;

  var employee = Employee()
    ..key = 2
    ..firstName = 'Luis'
    ..lastName = 'Vargas'
    ..manager = manager;
  employee.address = Address()
    ..key = 2
    ..street = 'some street'
    ..city = 'Miami'
    ..country = 'USA'
    ..owner = employee;

  print(toJson(employee)); // 将打印: '{"id":2,"firstName":"Luis","lastName":"Vargas","address":{"id":2},"manager":{"id":1}}'

  print(toJson(employee.address)); // 将打印: '{"id":2,"street":"some street","city":"Miami","country":"USA","owner":{"id":2}}'

  // depth是一个可选参数，可以是一个字符串列表或Map<String, Map>
  print(toJson(employee, expand: ['address']));
  /* 将打印:
           '{"id":2,"firstName":"Luis","lastName":"Vargas",'
              '"address":{"id":2,"street":"some street","city":"Miami","country":"USA","owner":{"id":2}},'
              '"manager":{"id":1}}'
  */

  print(toJson(employee, expand: [{'manager': ['address']}, 'address']));
  /* 将打印:
         '{"id":2,"firstName":"Luis","lastName":"Vargas",'
            '"address":{"id":2,"street":"some street","city":"Miami","country":"USA",'
              '"owner":{"id":2}},'
            '"manager":{"id":1,"firstName":"Jhon","lastName":"Doe",'
              '"address":{"id":1,"street":"some street","city":"Miami","country":"USA","owner":{"id":1}}}}');
  */
}

排除属性以避免序列化

要排除属性以避免序列化，有两种选择：

  1. 使用@ignore注解属性以忽略它。然而这种方法过于全局化。
  2. 向toJson函数添加exclude参数。这样我们只在该次序列化中排除那些属性。
library example.exclude_attributes; // 这一行是为了生成器

import 'package:dson/dson.dart';

part 'exclude_attributes.g.dart'; // 这一行是为了生成器

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
@cyclical
class Student extends SerializableMap with _$StudentSerializable {
  int? id;
  String? name;

  List<Course>? courses;
}

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
@cyclical
class Course extends SerializableMap with _$CourseSerializable {
  int? id;

  DateTime? beginDate;

  List<Student>? students;
}

void main() {
  _initMirrors();

  var student1 = Student()
    ..id = 1
    ..name = 'student1',
      student2 = Student()
        ..id = 2
        ..name = 'student2',
      student3 = Student()
        ..id = 3
        ..name = 'student3',
      course1 = Course()
        ..id = 1
        ..beginDate = DateTime.utc(2015, 1, 1)
        ..students = [student1, student2],
      course2 = Course()
        ..id = 2
        ..beginDate = DateTime.utc(2015, 1, 2)
        ..students = [student2, student3],
      course3 = Course()
        ..id = 3
        ..beginDate = DateTime.utc(2015, 1, 3)
        ..students = [student1, student3];

  student1.courses = [course1, course3];
  student2.courses = [course1, course2];
  student3.courses = [course2, course3];

  var students = [student1, student2, student3];

  print(toJson(students));
  /*
   将打印:
    '['
      '{"id":1,"name":"student1","courses":[{"id":1},{"id":3}]},'
      '{"id":2,"name":"student2","courses":[{"id":1},{"id":2}]},'
      '{"id":3,"name":"student3","courses":[{"id":2},{"id":3}]}'
    ']'
  */
  print(toJson(student1)); // 将打印: '{"id":1,"name":"student1","courses":[{"id":1},{"id":3}]}'

  print(toJson(student1, expand: 'courses', exclude: 'name'));
  /* 将打印:
      '{'
        '"id":1,'
        '"courses":['
          '{"id":1,"beginDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","students":[{"id":1},{"id":2}]},'
          '{"id":3,"beginDate":"2015-01-03T00:00:00.000Z","students":[{"id":1},{"id":3}]}'
        ']'
      '}');
   */

  print(toJson(student1.courses, exclude: 'beginDate'));
  /* 将打印:
      '['
        '{"id":1,"students":[{"id":1},{"id":2}]},'
        '{"id":3,"students":[{"id":1},{"id":3}]}'
      ']');
  */

  print(toJson(student2.courses, expand: 'students', exclude: {'students': 'name'}));
  /* 将打印:
      '['
        '{"id":1,"beginDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00.000Z","students":['
          '{"id":1,"courses":[{"id":1},{"id":3}]},'
          '{"id":2,"courses":[{"id":1},{"id":2}]}'
        ']},'
        '{"id":2,"beginDate":"2015-01-02T00:00:00.000Z","students":['
          '{"id":2,"courses":[{"id":1},{"id":2}]},'
          '{"id":3,"courses":[{"id":2},{"id":3}]}'
        ']}'
      ']'
   */

  print(toJson(student2.courses, expand: 'students', exclude: ['beginDate', {'students': 'name'}]));
  /* 将打印:
      '['
        '{"id":1,"students":['
          '{"id":1,"courses":[{"id":1},{"id":3}]},'
          '{"id":2,"courses":[{"id":1},{"id":2}]}'
        ']},'
        '{"id":2,"students":['
          '{"id":2,"name":"student2","courses":[{"id":1},{"id":2}]},'
          '{"id":3,"name":"student3","courses":[{"id":2},{"id":3}]}'
        ']}'
      ']'
   */
}

将JSON字符串转换为对象

要将JSON字符串转换为对象，只需使用fromJson和fromJsonList函数，并传递要反序列化的JSON字符串和对象类型作为参数：

library example.json_to_object; // 这一行是为了生成器

import 'package:dson/dson.dart';

part 'json_to_object.g.dart'; // 这一行是为了生成器

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
class EntityClass extends SerializableMap with _$EntityClassSerializable {
  String? name;
  String? _setted;

  @SerializedName("renamed")
  bool? otherName;

  @ignore
  String? notVisible;

  List<EntityClass>? children;

  set setted(String? s) => _setted = s;
  String? get setted => _setted;
}

void main() {
  _initMirrors();

  EntityClass object = fromJson('{"name":"test","renamed":true,"notVisible":"it is", "setted": "awesome"}', EntityClass);

  print(object.name); // > test
  print(object.otherName); // > blub
  print(object.notVisible); // > it is
  print(object.setted); // > awesome

  // 反序列化一个项目的列表使用[fromJsonList]
  List<EntityClass> list = fromJson(
      '[{"name":"test", "children": [{"name":"child1"},{"name":"child2"}]},{"name":"test2"}]',
      [() => List<EntityClass>.empty(growable: true), EntityClass]);
  print(list.length); // > 2
  print(list[0].name); // > test
  print(list[0].children?[0].name); // > child1
}

将Map和List<Map>转换为Dart对象

一些框架如Angular.dart会自带HTTP服务，这些服务会将HTTP响应转换为使用JSON.encode的Map。为了使用这些编码的Map或List，可以使用fromMap函数。

library example.map_to_object; // 这一行是为了生成器

import 'package:dson/dson.dart';

part 'map_to_object.g.dart'; // 这一行是为了生成器

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
class EntityClass extends SerializableMap with _$EntityClassSerializable {
  String? name;
  String? _setted;

  @SerializedName("renamed")
  bool? otherName;

  @ignore
  String? notVisible;

  List<EntityClass>? children;

  set setted(String? s) => _setted = s;

  String? get setted => _setted;
}

void main() {
  _initMirrors();

  EntityClass object = fromMap({
    "name": "test",
    "renamed": true,
    "notVisible": "it is",
    "setted": "awesome"
  }, EntityClass);
  print(object.name); // > test
  print(object.otherName); // > blub
  print(object.notVisible); // > it is
  print(object.setted); // > awesome

  // 反序列化一个项目的列表使用[fromJsonList]
  List<EntityClass> list = fromMap([
    {"name": "test",
      "children": [
        {"name": "child1"},
        {"name": "child2"}
      ]
    },
    {"name": "test2"}
  ], [() => List<EntityClass>.empty(growable: true), EntityClass]);
  print(list.length); // > 2
  print(list[0].name); // > test
  print(list[0].children?[0].name); // > child1
}

扩展可序列化对象

要扩展即将序列化的对象，你需要添加注释：

// ignore: mixin_inherits_from_not_object

这是为了让分析器忽略继承自非混合类的错误。例如：

library extend_serializables;

import 'package:dson/dson.dart';

part 'extend_serializables.g.dart';

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
class Person extends SerializableMap with _$PersonSerializable {
  int? id;
  String? firstName;
  String? lastName;
  DateTime? dateOfBirth;
}

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
// ignore: mixin_inherits_from_not_object
class Employee extends Person with _$EmployeeSerializable {
  double? salary;
}

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
// ignore: mixin_inherits_from_not_object
class Manager extends Employee with _$ManagerSerializable {
  List<Employee>? subordinates;
}

main() {
  _initMirrors();

  var person = Person()
    ..id = 1
    ..firstName = 'Jhon'
    ..lastName = 'Doe'
    ..dateOfBirth = DateTime.now();

  var personJson = toJson(person);

  print('personJson: $personJson');

  var employee = Employee()
    ..id = 1
    ..firstName = 'Employee'
    ..lastName = 'Doe'
    ..dateOfBirth = DateTime.now()
    ..salary = 1000.0;

  var employeeJson = toJson(employee);

  print('employeeJson: $employeeJson');

  var manager = Manager()
    ..id = 1
    ..firstName = 'Manager'
    ..lastName = 'Doe'
    ..dateOfBirth = DateTime.now()
    ..salary = 2000.0
    ..subordinates = [employee];

  var managerJson = toJson(manager);

  print('managerJson: $managerJson');
}

序列化/反序列化不可变对象

要使不可变类能够序列化/反序列化，你只需要声明一个只包含final参数的构造函数。例如：

library example.serialize_final_objects;

import 'package:dson/dson.dart';

part 'immutable_objects.g.dart';

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
class Person extends SerializableMap with _$PersonSerializable {
  final int id;
  final String? name;

  Person({this.id = 0, this.name});
}

main() {
  _initMirrors();

  var p1 = Person(id: 1, name: 'Jhon Doe');

  var p1Json = toJson(p1);

  print('p1Json: $p1Json');

  var p1FromJson = fromJson(p1Json, Person);

  print('p1FromJson: (id: ${p1FromJson.id}, name: ${p1FromJson.name})');
}

注意：确保字段和构造函数参数的名称匹配。如果不匹配，则反序列化后的对象将包含null值。

序列化/反序列化泛型对象

序列化泛型对象非常简单，你只需要调用toJson函数：

library example.generics;

import 'package:dson/dson.dart';

part 'generics.g.dart';

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
class Page<T> extends SerializableMap with _$PageSerializable<T> {
  int? size;

  int? total;

  int? number;

  List<T>? items;
}

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
class Person extends SerializableMap with _$PersonSerializable {
  int? id;

  String? name;
}

main() {
  _initMirrors();

  var p = Person()
    ..id = 1
    ..name = 'person 1';

  var page = Page<Person>()
    ..size = 1
    ..number = 1
    ..total = 100
    ..items = [p];

  // tag::serialize[]
  var jsonStr = toJson(page);
  // end::serialize[]
  print('jsonStr: $jsonStr');

  // tag::deserialize[]
  Page<Person> page2 = fromJson(jsonStr, [() => Page<Person>(), {'items': [() => List<Person>.empty(growable: true), Person]}]);
  // end::deserialize[]

  print('page2.size: ${page2.size}');
  print('page2.number: ${page2.number}');
  print('page2.total: ${page2.total}');
  print('page2.items[0].id: ${page2.items?[0].id}');
  print('page2.items[0].name: ${page2.items?[0].name}');
}

反序列化则更为复杂。你需要指定一个工厂和类型的列表，从顶层类开始。在同一工厂列表中，你还需要指定一个通用属性的工厂映射。例如：

library example.generics;

import 'package:dson/dson.dart';

part 'generics.g.dart';

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
class Page<T> extends SerializableMap with _$PageSerializable<T> {
  int? size;

  int? total;

  int? number;

  List<T>? items;
}

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
class Person extends SerializableMap with _$PersonSerializable {
  int? id;

  String? name;
}

main() {
  _initMirrors();

  var p = Person()
    ..id = 1
    ..name = 'person 1';

  var page = Page<Person>()
    ..size = 1
    ..number = 1
    ..total = 100
    ..items = [p];

  // tag::serialize[]
  var jsonStr = toJson(page);
  // end::serialize[]
  print('jsonStr: $jsonStr');

  // tag::deserialize[]
  Page<Person> page2 = fromJson(jsonStr, [() => Page<Person>(), {'items': [() => List<Person>.empty(growable: true), Person]}]);
  // end::deserialize[]

  print('page2.size: ${page2.size}');
  print('page2.number: ${page2.number}');
  print('page2.total: ${page2.total}');
  print('page2.items[0].id: ${page2.items?[0].id}');
  print('page2.items[0].name: ${page2.items?[0].name}');
}

序列化/反序列化扩展的泛型对象

扩展的泛型也可以由这个库处理。例如，你可以使用以下代码：

library extend_generics;

import 'package:dson/dson.dart';

part 'extend_generics.g.dart';

abstract class IManager<T> {
  List<Employee<T>>? subordinates;
}

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
class Person<T> extends SerializableMap with _$PersonSerializable<T> {
  int? id;
  String? firstName;
  T? lastName;
  DateTime? dateOfBirth;
}

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
// ignore: mixin_inherits_from_not_object
class Employee<T> extends Person<T> with _$EmployeeSerializable<T> {
  double? salary;
}

[@serializable](/user/serializable)
// ignore: mixin_inherits_from_not_object
class Manager<T> extends Employee<T> with _$ManagerSerializable<T> implements IManager<T> {
  List<Employee<T>>? subordinates;
}

main() {
  _initMirrors();

  var person = Person<String>()
    ..id = 1
    ..firstName = 'Jhon'
    ..lastName = 'Doe'
    ..dateOfBirth = DateTime.now();

  var personJson = toJson(person);

  print('personJson: $personJson');

  Person<String> person2 = fromJson(personJson, [() => Person<String>(), {'lastName': String}]);
  print('\nPerson From Json:');
  print('person2.firstName: ${person2.firstName}');
  print('person2.lastName: ${person2.lastName}\n');

  var employee = Employee<String>()
    ..id = 1
    ..firstName = 'Employee'
    ..lastName = 'Doe'
    ..dateOfBirth = DateTime.now()
    ..salary = 1000.0;
  print(employee.runtimeType);
  var employeeJson = toJson(employee);

  print('employeeJson: $employeeJson');

  Employee<String> employee2 = fromJson(employeeJson, [() => Employee<String>(), {'lastName': String}]);
  print('\nEmployee From Json:');
  print('employee2.firstName: ${employee2.firstName}');
  print('employee2.lastName: ${employee2.lastName}');
  print('employee2.salary: ${employee2.salary}\n');

  var manager = Manager<String>()
    ..id = 1
    ..firstName = 'Manager'
    ..lastName = 'Doe'
    ..dateOfBirth = DateTime.now()
    ..salary = 2000.0
    ..subordinates = [employee];

  var managerJson = toJson(manager);

  print('managerJson: $managerJson');

  Manager<String> manager2 = fromJson(managerJson, [() => Manager<String>(), {'lastName': String}]);
  print('\nManager From Json:');
  print('manager2.firstName: ${manager2.firstName}');
  print('manager2.lastName: ${manager2.lastName}');
  print('manager2.salary: ${manager2.salary}');
  print('manager2.subordinates: ${manager2.subordinates}');
}

更多关于Flutter数据序列化插件dson的使用的实战系列教程也可以访问 https://www.itying.com/category-92-b0.html

Harmonyos Next教程
1 回复

更多关于Flutter数据序列化插件dson的使用的实战系列教程也可以访问 https://www.itying.com/category-92-b0.html


当然，下面是一个关于如何在Flutter项目中使用dson插件进行数据序列化和反序列化的代码示例。dson是一个强大的Flutter插件，用于处理JSON数据的编码和解码。

首先，你需要在你的pubspec.yaml文件中添加dson依赖：

dependencies:
  flutter:
    sdk: flutter
  dson: ^x.y.z  # 替换为最新版本号

然后，运行flutter pub get来安装依赖。

接下来，让我们看一个具体的代码示例：

  1. 定义数据模型：
import 'package:dson/dson.dart';

@DSonSerializable
class User {
  String name;
  int age;
  String email;

  User() {}

  // 你可以使用生成器生成这个构造函数
  // 运行 `flutter pub run build_runner build`
  // 然后 `User.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json)` 和 `Map<String, dynamic> toJson()` 会自动生成
  factory User.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) => _$UserFromJson(json);
  
  Map<String, dynamic> toJson() => _$UserToJson(this);
}

注意：为了使@DSonSerializable注解工作，你需要使用JSON生成器来生成fromJson和toJson方法。你可以在项目根目录运行以下命令来生成这些方法：

flutter pub run build_runner build
  1. 使用dson进行序列化和反序列化：
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'dart:convert';
import 'user_model.dart';  // 假设上面的User类在这个文件中

void main() {
  runApp(MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      home: Scaffold(
        appBar: AppBar(
          title: Text('Dson Example'),
        ),
        body: Center(
          child: DsonExample(),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

class DsonExample extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  _DsonExampleState createState() => _DsonExampleState();
}

class _DsonExampleState extends State<DsonExample> {
  User user;

  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    // 创建一个User对象
    user = User()
      ..name = 'John Doe'
      ..age = 30
      ..email = 'john.doe@example.com';

    // 将User对象序列化为JSON字符串
    String jsonString = jsonEncode(user.toJson());
    print('Serialized JSON: $jsonString');

    // 将JSON字符串反序列化为User对象
    User deserializedUser = User.fromJson(jsonDecode(jsonString));
    print('Deserialized User: ${deserializedUser.name}, ${deserializedUser.age}, ${deserializedUser.email}');
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Column(
      mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
      children: <Widget>[
        Text('Check the console for serialized and deserialized output.'),
      ],
    );
  }
}

在这个示例中，我们定义了一个User类，并使用@DSonSerializable注解标记它。然后，我们创建了一个User对象，并将其序列化为JSON字符串，再将其反序列化为User对象。

请注意，为了使fromJson和toJson方法自动生成，你需要使用build_runner工具。确保你已经添加了build_runner到你的dev_dependencies中：

dev_dependencies:
  build_runner: ^x.y.z  # 替换为最新版本号

然后运行flutter pub get和flutter pub run build_runner build来生成这些方法。

这就是如何在Flutter项目中使用dson进行数据序列化和反序列化的基本步骤。希望这对你有所帮助！

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