Flutter地理位置获取插件flutter_generic_location的使用

简介

flutter_generic_location 是一个用于在 Android 和 iOS 上获取前台和后台位置信息的 Flutter 插件。

支持的平台

• ✅ Android
• ✅ iOS

特性

• 可以请求位置权限。
• 可以获取设备的当前位置。
• 可以订阅 LocationStream 来实时收集位置数据。

开始使用

要使用此插件，请将其添加到项目的 pubspec.yaml 文件中作为依赖项。例如：

dependencies:
  flutter_generic_location: ^0.0.1

平台特定配置

Android 配置

由于该插件基于位置服务工作，因此需要在 AndroidManifest.xml 文件中添加以下权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

如果需要在后台获取位置信息，请添加以下权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE"/>

iOS 配置

与 Android 类似，iOS 平台也需要添加位置相关的描述信息。打开 ios/Runner/Info.plist 文件，并在 <dict> 标签内添加以下内容：

<key>NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription</key>
<string>Used to collect location data.</string>

如果需要在后台获取位置信息，请添加以下描述：

<key>NSLocationAlwaysAndWhenInUseUsageDescription</key>
<string>Used to collect location data in the background.</string>
<key>NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription</key>
<string>Used to collect location data in the background.</string>
<key>UIBackgroundModes</key>
<array>
    <string>fetch</string>
    <string>location</string>
</array>

使用示例

以下是一个完整的示例代码，展示了如何使用 flutter_generic_location 插件来获取位置信息并进行实时更新。

示例代码

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
import 'package:flutter_generic_location/flutter_generic_location.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatefulWidget {
  const MyApp({super.key});

  [@override](/user/override)
  State<MyApp> createState() => _MyAppState();
}

class _MyAppState extends State<MyApp> {
  final _flutterGenericLocationPlugin = FlutterGenericLocation();
  late StreamSubscription<Map<String, dynamic>> streamSubscription;
  bool runningLocationUpdates = false;
  bool runningLocationService = false;

  Map<String, dynamic> _location = {};
  String _error = "";

  [@override](/user/override)
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    // 订阅位置流以实时更新位置数据
    streamSubscription = FlutterGenericLocation.locationStream.listen((location) {
      setState(() {
        _location = location;
      });
    });
  }

  // 获取当前位置
  Future<void> getLocaion() async {
    try {
      final location = await _flutterGenericLocationPlugin.getLocation();
      setState(() {
        _location = location;
      });
    } catch (e) {
      setState(() {
        _error = e.toString();
      });
    }
  }

  // 获取最后的位置记录
  Future<void> getLastLocation() async {
    try {
      final location = await _flutterGenericLocationPlugin.getLastLocation();
      setState(() {
        _location = location;
      });
    } catch (e) {
      setState(() {
        _error = e.toString();
      });
    }
  }

  // 启动或停止位置更新
  Future<void> startStopLocationUpdates() async {
    try {
      if (runningLocationUpdates == false) {
        await _flutterGenericLocationPlugin.startLocationUpdates();
        runningLocationUpdates = true;
      } else {
        _flutterGenericLocationPlugin.stopLocationUpdates();
        runningLocationUpdates = false;
      }
      setState(() {});
    } catch (e) {
      setState(() {
        _error = e.toString();
      });
    }
  }

  // 启动或停止位置服务
  Future<void> startAndStopLocaitonService() async {
    try {
      if (runningLocationService == false) {
        await _flutterGenericLocationPlugin.startLocationService();
        runningLocationService = true;
      } else {
        _flutterGenericLocationPlugin.stopLocationService();
        runningLocationService = false;
      }
      setState(() {});
    } catch (e) {
      setState(() {
        _error = e.toString();
      });
    }
  }

  // 获取通知图标
  Future<Uint8List> fetchNotificationIcon() async {
    ByteData imageData = await rootBundle.load('assets/images/notification_icon.png');
    return imageData.buffer.asUint8List();
  }

  // 显示通知
  Future<void> showNotification() async {
    try {
      final notificationIcon = await fetchNotificationIcon();
      await _flutterGenericLocationPlugin.showNotification(
          'Test Notification', 'This is a test notification message', "PluginDemoChannel", notificationIcon);
    } catch (e) {
      setState(() {
        _error = e.toString();
      });
    }
  }

  [@override](/user/override)
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      home: Scaffold(
        appBar: AppBar(
          title: const Text('Generic Location Demo'),
        ),
        body: Padding(
          padding: const EdgeInsets.all(10.0),
          child: Center(
            child: Column(
              mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
              crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,
              children: [
                // 显示位置信息
                Text(
                  'Location Info on: $_location\n',
                  textAlign: TextAlign.center,
                ),
                const SizedBox(height: 10),
                // 显示错误信息
                Text(
                  'Error: $_error\n',
                  textAlign: TextAlign.center,
                ),
                const SizedBox(height: 10),
                // 按钮：获取当前位置
                ElevatedButton(
                  onPressed: () => getLocaion(),
                  child: const Text("Fetch Location"),
                ),
                const SizedBox(height: 10),
                // 按钮：获取最后的位置记录
                ElevatedButton(
                  onPressed: () => getLastLocation(),
                  child: const Text("Fetch Last Location"),
                ),
                const SizedBox(height: 10),
                // 按钮：启动或停止位置更新
                ElevatedButton(
                  onPressed: () => startStopLocationUpdates(),
                  child: runningLocationUpdates
                      ? const Text("Stop Location Updates")
                      : const Text("Start Location Updates"),
                ),
                const SizedBox(height: 10),
                // 按钮：显示通知
                ElevatedButton(
                  onPressed: () => showNotification(),
                  child: const Text("Show Notification"),
                ),
                const SizedBox(height: 10),
                // 按钮：启动或停止位置服务
                ElevatedButton(
                  onPressed: () => startAndStopLocaitonService(),
                  child: runningLocationService
                      ? const Text("Stop Location Service")
                      : const Text("Start Location Service"),
                )
              ],
            ),
          ),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}