Flutter增强URL启动插件enhanced_url_launcher_android的使用

Flutter增强URL启动插件enhanced_url_launcher_android的使用

本指南将展示如何在Flutter应用中使用增强的URL启动插件enhanced_url_launcher的Android实现。该插件允许你以多种方式启动URL，包括浏览器、内置WebView等。

使用方法

该插件被推荐为官方支持的插件，因此你可以直接使用enhanced_url_launcher，而无需手动将其添加到pubspec.yaml文件中。如果你需要导入此包以使用其API，则应将其添加到你的pubspec.yaml文件中。

dependencies:
  enhanced_url_launcher: ^x.x.x

完整示例代码

以下是一个完整的示例代码，展示了如何使用enhanced_url_launcher插件来启动不同类型的URL。

// Copyright 2013 The Flutter Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:enhanced_url_launcher_platform_interface/enhanced_url_launcher_platform_interface.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({super.key});

  [@override](/user/override)
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'URL 启动器',
      theme: ThemeData(
        primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
      ),
      home: const MyHomePage(title: 'URL 启动器'),
    );
  }
}

class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
  const MyHomePage({super.key, required this.title});
  final String title;

  [@override](/user/override)
  State<MyHomePage> createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}

class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
  final UrlLauncherPlatform launcher = UrlLauncherPlatform.instance;
  bool _hasCallSupport = false;
  Future<void>? _launched;
  String _phone = '';

  [@override](/user/override)
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    // 检查是否支持电话呼叫。
    launcher.canLaunch('tel:123').then((bool result) {
      setState(() {
        _hasCallSupport = result;
      });
    });
  }

  Future<void> _launchInBrowser(String url) async {
    if (!await launcher.launch(
      url,
      useSafariVC: false,
      useWebView: false,
      enableJavaScript: false,
      enableDomStorage: false,
      universalLinksOnly: false,
      headers: {},
    )) {
      throw Exception('无法启动 $url');
    }
  }

  Future<void> _launchInWebView(String url) async {
    if (!await launcher.launch(
      url,
      useSafariVC: true,
      useWebView: true,
      enableJavaScript: false,
      enableDomStorage: false,
      universalLinksOnly: false,
      headers: {'my_header_key': 'my_header_value'},
    )) {
      throw Exception('无法启动 $url');
    }
  }

  Future<void> _launchInWebViewWithJavaScript(String url) async {
    if (!await launcher.launch(
      url,
      useSafariVC: true,
      useWebView: true,
      enableJavaScript: true,
      enableDomStorage: false,
      universalLinksOnly: false,
      headers: {},
    )) {
      throw Exception('无法启动 $url');
    }
  }

  Future<void> _launchInWebViewWithDomStorage(String url) async {
    if (!await launcher.launch(
      url,
      useSafariVC: true,
      useWebView: true,
      enableJavaScript: false,
      enableDomStorage: true,
      universalLinksOnly: false,
      headers: {},
    )) {
      throw Exception('无法启动 $url');
    }
  }

  Widget _launchStatus(BuildContext context, AsyncSnapshot<void> snapshot) {
    if (snapshot.hasError) {
      return Text('错误: ${snapshot.error}');
    } else {
      return const Text('');
    }
  }

  Future<void> _makePhoneCall(String phoneNumber) async {
    // 使用 `Uri` 确保 `phoneNumber` 被正确URL编码。
    // 直接使用 'tel:$phoneNumber' 可能在某些情况下创建无效的URL（例如输入包含空格），
    // 这会导致某些平台上的 `launch` 失败。
    final Uri launchUri = Uri(
      scheme: 'tel',
      path: phoneNumber,
    );
    await launcher.launch(
      launchUri.toString(),
      useSafariVC: false,
      useWebView: false,
      enableJavaScript: false,
      enableDomStorage: false,
      universalLinksOnly: true,
      headers: {},
    );
  }

  [@override](/user/override)
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    const String toLaunch = 'https://www.cylog.org/headers/';
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text(widget.title),
      ),
      body: ListView(
        children: [
          Column(
            mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
            children: [
              Padding(
                padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16.0),
                child: TextField(
                    onChanged: (String text) => _phone = text,
                    decoration: const InputDecoration(
                        hintText: '输入要拨打电话的号码')),
              ),
              ElevatedButton(
                onPressed: _hasCallSupport
                    ? () => setState(() {
                          _launched = _makePhoneCall(_phone);
                        })
                    : null,
                child: _hasCallSupport
                    ? const Text('拨打电话')
                    : const Text('不支持拨打电话'),
              ),
              const Padding(
                padding: EdgeInsets.all(16.0),
                child: Text(toLaunch),
              ),
              ElevatedButton(
                onPressed: () => setState(() {
                  _launched = _launchInBrowser(toLaunch);
                }),
                child: const Text('在浏览器中打开'),
              ),
              const Padding(padding: EdgeInsets.all(16.0)),
              ElevatedButton(
                onPressed: () => setState(() {
                  _launched = _launchInWebView(toLaunch);
                }),
                child: const Text('在应用中打开'),
              ),
              ElevatedButton(
                onPressed: () => setState(() {
                  _launched = _launchInWebViewWithJavaScript(toLaunch);
                }),
                child: const Text('在应用中打开（启用JavaScript）'),
              ),
              ElevatedButton(
                onPressed: () => setState(() {
                  _launched = _launchInWebViewWithDomStorage(toLaunch);
                }),
                child: const Text('在应用中打开（启用DOM存储）'),
              ),
              const Padding(padding: EdgeInsets.all(16.0)),
              ElevatedButton(
                onPressed: () => setState(() {
                  _launched = _launchInWebView(toLaunch);
                  Timer(const Duration(seconds: 5), () {
                    launcher.closeWebView();
                  });
                }),
                child: const Text('在应用中打开并关闭（5秒后）'),
              ),
              const Padding(padding: EdgeInsets.all(16.0)),
              FutureBuilder<void>(future: _launched, builder: _launchStatus),
            ],
          ),
        ],
      ),
    );
  }
}