Node.js在Windows上快速起步 (二) 如何获取 get/post/cookie的值和设置cookie

以下是关于如何在Node.js中获取和设置GET、POST和Cookie值的详细说明及示例代码。

获取GET参数

可以通过解析请求的URL来获取GET参数。例如：

var oUrl = url.parse(request.url, true);
var fooValue = oUrl.query.foo;

获取POST数据

POST数据需要监听data事件收集所有数据片段，并在end事件中进行解析：

var postData = '';

request.on('data', function(chunk) {
    postData += chunk;
});

request.on('end', function() {
    var post = querystring.parse(postData);
    var textValue = post.text;
});

获取Cookie

可以从请求头中获取Cookie字符串，然后解析为对象：

var cookies = {};
var cookieString = request.headers.cookie;

if (cookieString) {
    var pairs = cookieString.split(/[;,] */);
    for (var i = 0; i < pairs.length; i++) {
        var idx = pairs[i].indexOf('=');
        var key = pairs[i].substr(0, idx);
        var val = pairs[i].substr(++idx, pairs[i].length).trim();
        cookies[key] = val;
    }
}

设置Cookie

可以定义一个函数来设置Cookie：

request.setCookie = function(name, value, expires, path, domain) {
    var cookieStr = name + '=' + value + ';';

    if (expires != undefined) {
        expires = parseInt(expires);
        var today = new Date();
        var time = today.getTime() + expires * 1000;
        var newDate = new Date(time);
        var expiresDate = newDate.toGMTString();
        cookieStr += 'expires=' + expiresDate + ';';
    }

    if (path != undefined) {
        cookieStr += 'path=' + path + ';';
    }

    if (domain != undefined) {
        cookieStr += 'domain=' + domain + ';';
    }

    cookiesArr.push(cookieStr);
};

示例代码

完整的gpc.js文件如下：

var port = '8888';
var http = require('http');
var url = require('url');
var querystring = require('querystring');

http.createServer(function(request, response) {
    var oUrl = url.parse(request.url, true);
    var fooValue = oUrl.query.foo;

    var cookies = {};
    var cookieString = request.headers.cookie;
    
    if (cookieString) {
        var pairs = cookieString.split(/[;,] */);
        for (var i = 0; i < pairs.length; i++) {
            var idx = pairs[i].indexOf('=');
            var key = pairs[i].substr(0, idx);
            var val = pairs[i].substr(++idx, pairs[i].length).trim();
            cookies[key] = val;
        }
    }

    var cookiesArr = [];

    request.setCookie = function(name, value, expires, path, domain) {
        var cookieStr = name + '=' + value + ';';
        if (expires != undefined) {
            expires = parseInt(expires);
            var today = new Date();
            var time = today.getTime() + expires * 1000;
            var newDate = new Date(time);
            var expiresDate = newDate.toGMTString();
            cookieStr += 'expires=' + expiresDate + ';';
        }
        if (path != undefined) {
            cookieStr += 'path=' + path + ';';
        }
        if (domain != undefined) {
            cookieStr += 'domain=' + domain + ';';
        }
        cookiesArr.push(cookieStr);
        return true;
    };

    var postData = '';
    request.on('data', function(chunk) {
        postData += chunk;
    });

    request.on('end', function() {
        var post = querystring.parse(postData);
        var textValue = post.text;

        request.setCookie('aaa', 'aaa111');
        request.setCookie('bbb', 'bbb222', 999);

        response.setHeader("Set-Cookie", cookiesArr);
        response.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/html'});
        response.write('URL查询:' + oUrl.search + '<br>');
        response.write('URL查询参数foo的值:' + fooValue + '<br>');
        response.write('POST数据:' + postData + '<br>');
        response.write('POST数据text的值:' + textValue + '<br>');
        response.write('COOKIE数据:' + cookieString + '<br>');
        response.write('COOKIE数据aaa的值:' + cookies.aaa + '<br>');
        response.end();
    });
}).listen(port);
console.log('Server started on http://127.0.0.1:' + port);

这段代码展示了如何获取和设置GET、POST和Cookie的值。