Flutter通知服务插件notification_service的使用

在Flutter中，notification_service 是一个用于管理和显示通知的插件。虽然目前没有官方或广泛认可的插件名为 notification_service，但通常我们会使用 flutter_local_notifications 插件来实现通知功能。以下是如何使用 flutter_local_notifications 插件来实现通知服务的步骤。

1. 添加依赖

首先，在 pubspec.yaml 文件中添加 flutter_local_notifications 插件的依赖：

dependencies:
  flutter:
    sdk: flutter
  flutter_local_notifications: ^14.0.0

然后运行 flutter pub get 来获取依赖。

2. 初始化插件

在你的 Dart 文件中初始化 flutter_local_notifications 插件。

import 'package:flutter_local_notifications/flutter_local_notifications.dart';

final FlutterLocalNotificationsPlugin flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin =
    FlutterLocalNotificationsPlugin();

void initializeNotifications() async {
  const AndroidInitializationSettings initializationSettingsAndroid =
      AndroidInitializationSettings('@mipmap/ic_launcher');

  const InitializationSettings initializationSettings = InitializationSettings(
    android: initializationSettingsAndroid,
  );

  await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.initialize(initializationSettings);
}

3. 显示通知

你可以使用 show 方法来显示通知。

void showNotification() async {
  const AndroidNotificationDetails androidPlatformChannelSpecifics =
      AndroidNotificationDetails(
    'your channel id',
    'your channel name',
    importance: Importance.max,
    priority: Priority.high,
  );

  const NotificationDetails platformChannelSpecifics =
      NotificationDetails(android: androidPlatformChannelSpecifics);

  await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.show(
    0,
    'Notification Title',
    'This is the notification body',
    platformChannelSpecifics,
    payload: 'item x',
  );
}

4. 处理通知点击事件

你可以通过 initialize 方法中的 onSelectNotification 回调来处理通知的点击事件。

void initializeNotifications() async {
  const AndroidInitializationSettings initializationSettingsAndroid =
      AndroidInitializationSettings('@mipmap/ic_launcher');

  const InitializationSettings initializationSettings = InitializationSettings(
    android: initializationSettingsAndroid,
  );

  await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.initialize(initializationSettings,
      onSelectNotification: (String? payload) async {
    if (payload != null) {
      print('Notification payload: $payload');
    }
  });
}

5. 调度通知

你还可以使用 zonedSchedule 方法来调度通知。

void scheduleNotification() async {
  const AndroidNotificationDetails androidPlatformChannelSpecifics =
      AndroidNotificationDetails(
    'your channel id',
    'your channel name',
    importance: Importance.max,
    priority: Priority.high,
  );

  const NotificationDetails platformChannelSpecifics =
      NotificationDetails(android: androidPlatformChannelSpecifics);

  await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.zonedSchedule(
    0,
    'Scheduled Notification',
    'This is a scheduled notification',
    tz.TZDateTime.now(tz.local).add(const Duration(seconds: 5)),
    platformChannelSpecifics,
    androidAllowWhileIdle: true,
    uiLocalNotificationDateInterpretation:
        UILocalNotificationDateInterpretation.absoluteTime,
  );
}

6. 取消通知

你可以使用 cancel 方法来取消通知。

void cancelNotification(int notificationId) async {
  await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.cancel(notificationId);
}

7. 取消所有通知

你可以使用 cancelAll 方法来取消所有通知。

void cancelAllNotifications() async {
  await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.cancelAll();
}

8. 处理后台通知

如果需要处理后台通知，你需要在 AndroidManifest.xml 文件中配置后台服务。

<service
    android:name="com.dexterous.flutterlocalnotifications.ScheduledNotificationBootReceiver"
    android:enabled="true"
    android:exported="true" />

9. 处理通知渠道

Android 8.0 (API level 26) 及以上版本需要创建通知渠道。

void createNotificationChannel() async {
  const AndroidNotificationChannel channel = AndroidNotificationChannel(
    'high_importance_channel', // id
    'High Importance Notifications', // title
    importance: Importance.high,
  );

  await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin
      .resolvePlatformSpecificImplementation<
          AndroidFlutterLocalNotificationsPlugin>()
      ?.createNotificationChannel(channel);
}

10. 完整示例

以下是一个完整的示例：

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter_local_notifications/flutter_local_notifications.dart';
import 'package:timezone/data/latest.dart' as tz;
import 'package:timezone/timezone.dart' as tz;

void main() async {
  WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
  tz.initializeTimeZones();
  runApp(MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  [@override](/user/override)
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      home: NotificationExample(),
    );
  }
}

class NotificationExample extends StatefulWidget {
  [@override](/user/override)
  _NotificationExampleState createState() => _NotificationExampleState();
}

class _NotificationExampleState extends State<NotificationExample> {
  final FlutterLocalNotificationsPlugin flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin =
      FlutterLocalNotificationsPlugin();

  [@override](/user/override)
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    initializeNotifications();
  }

  void initializeNotifications() async {
    const AndroidInitializationSettings initializationSettingsAndroid =
        AndroidInitializationSettings('@mipmap/ic_launcher');

    const InitializationSettings initializationSettings = InitializationSettings(
      android: initializationSettingsAndroid,
    );

    await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.initialize(initializationSettings,
        onSelectNotification: (String? payload) async {
      if (payload != null) {
        print('Notification payload: $payload');
      }
    });
  }

  void showNotification() async {
    const AndroidNotificationDetails androidPlatformChannelSpecifics =
        AndroidNotificationDetails(
      'your channel id',
      'your channel name',
      importance: Importance.max,
      priority: Priority.high,
    );

    const NotificationDetails platformChannelSpecifics =
        NotificationDetails(android: androidPlatformChannelSpecifics);

    await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.show(
      0,
      'Notification Title',
      'This is the notification body',
      platformChannelSpecifics,
      payload: 'item x',
    );
  }

  [@override](/user/override)
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text('Notification Example'),
      ),
      body: Center(
        child: ElevatedButton(
          onPressed: showNotification,
          child: Text('Show Notification'),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}