HarmonyOS鸿蒙Next之一键扫码功能开发

HarmonyOS鸿蒙Next之一键扫码功能开发

1. 权限声明配置

在module.json5中添加权限声明：

{
  "requestPermissions": [
    {
      "name": "ohos.permission.CAMERA",
      "reason": "用于调用相机进行扫码"
    },
    {
      "name": "ohos.permission.MICROPHONE",
      "reason": "扫码成功提示音需要"
    }
  ]
}

1. 导入必要模块

import camera from '@ohos.multimedia.camera';
import image from '@ohos.multimedia.image';
import scan from '@ohos.multimedia.scan';
import common from '@ohos.app.ability.common';

核心功能实现

1. 相机扫码组件封装

@Component
export struct ScanComponent {
  private cameraManager: camera.CameraManager = undefined;
  private scanSession: scan.ScanSession = undefined;

  aboutToAppear() {
    this.initCamera();
  }

  // 初始化相机
  private async initCamera() {
    try {
      this.cameraManager = camera.getCameraManager(globalThis.context);
      const cameras = this.cameraManager.getSupportedCameras();
      const cameraInput = this.cameraManager.createCameraInput(cameras[0]);
      
      // 创建扫码会话
      this.scanSession = scan.createScanSession();
      await this.scanSession.addInput(cameraInput);
      
      // 配置扫码参数
      const config: scan.ScanConfig = {
        formats: [scan.ScanFormat.QR_CODE, scan.ScanFormat.CODE_128],
        multiMode: false,
        vibrate: true,
        beep: true
      };
      this.scanSession.setConfig(config);
      
      // 注册结果回调
      this.scanSession.on('scanResult', (result: scan.ScanResult) => {
        this.handleResult(result);
      });
      
      await this.scanSession.start();
    } catch (err) {
      console.error(`Camera init failed: ${err.code}, ${err.message}`);
    }
  }

  // 处理扫码结果
  private handleResult(result: scan.ScanResult) {
    if (result.code === 0) {
      console.info(`扫码成功: ${result.data}`);
      // 发送系统通知
      this.showNotification(result.data);
    } else {
      console.error(`扫码失败: ${result.message}`);
    }
  }

  build() {
    Stack() {
      // 相机预览组件
      CameraPreview({ cameraManager: this.cameraManager })
        .width('100%')
        .height('100%')
      
      // 自定义扫码框
      this.buildScanFrame()
    }
  }
  
  @Builder
  buildScanFrame() {
    Column() {
      // 扫码框UI实现
      Rect()
        .width(300)
        .height(300)
        .borderWidth(2)
        .borderColor(Color.White)
    }
  }
}

1. 扫码结果处理

// 扫码结果处理器
class ScanResultHandler {
  private context: common.UIAbilityContext;

  constructor(context: common.UIAbilityContext) {
    this.context = context;
  }

  // 显示系统通知
  showNotification(content: string) {
    let notificationRequest: notification.NotificationRequest = {
      content: {
        contentType: notification.ContentType.NOTIFICATION_TEXT,
        normal: {
          title: "扫码结果",
          text: content
        }
      }
    };
    notification.publish(notificationRequest);
  }

  // 处理URL类型结果
  handleUrl(content: string) {
    if (content.startsWith('http')) {
      let want: Want = {
        deviceId: '',
        bundleName: 'com.example.browser',
        abilityName: 'MainAbility',
        uri: content
      };
      this.context.startAbility(want);
    }
  }
}

页面实现

@Entry
@Component
struct ScanPage {
  private resultHandler: ScanResultHandler = new ScanResultHandler(getContext(this));

  build() {
    Column() {
      // 扫码组件
      ScanComponent()
        .onScanResult((result: string) => {
          this.resultHandler.handleUrl(result);
        })
      
      // 底部操作栏
      this.buildToolbar()
    }
  }

  @Builder
  buildToolbar() {
    Row() {
      Button('打开相册')
        .onClick(() => this.pickFromAlbum())
      Button('历史记录')
        .onClick(() => this.showHistory())
    }
  }

  // 相册选择识别
  private async pickFromAlbum() {
    let photoPicker = new picker.PhotoViewPicker();
    try {
      let result = await photoPicker.select();
      this.recognizeImage(result.photoUris[0]);
    } catch (err) {
      console.error(`选择照片失败: ${err.code}, ${err.message}`);
    }
  }
}