Flutter本地通知插件flutter_local_notifications_support的使用

flutter_local_notifications 是一个用于在 Flutter 应用中显示本地通知的插件。它支持 Android 和 iOS 平台，并且可以用于在应用的前台或后台显示通知。以下是如何使用 flutter_local_notifications 插件的基本步骤。

1. 添加依赖

首先，在 pubspec.yaml 文件中添加 flutter_local_notifications 依赖：

dependencies:
  flutter:
    sdk: flutter
  flutter_local_notifications: ^x.x.x  # 请使用最新版本

然后运行 flutter pub get 来安装依赖。

2. 初始化插件

在你的 Dart 文件中导入插件并初始化它。通常，你可以在 main.dart 文件中进行初始化。

import 'package:flutter_local_notifications/flutter_local_notifications.dart';

final FlutterLocalNotificationsPlugin flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin =
    FlutterLocalNotificationsPlugin();

void main() async {
  WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();

  // 初始化通知插件
  const AndroidInitializationSettings initializationSettingsAndroid =
      AndroidInitializationSettings('@mipmap/ic_launcher');

  final InitializationSettings initializationSettings = InitializationSettings(
    android: initializationSettingsAndroid,
    // iOS 初始化设置（如果需要）
    iOS: IOSInitializationSettings(),
  );

  await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.initialize(initializationSettings);

  runApp(MyApp());
}

3. 配置通知渠道（仅 Android）

在 Android 8.0（API 级别 26）及以上版本中，通知必须通过通知渠道发送。你可以在初始化时配置通知渠道。

const AndroidNotificationChannel channel = AndroidNotificationChannel(
  'high_importance_channel', // id
  'High Importance Notifications', // title
  'This channel is used for important notifications.', // description
  importance: Importance.high,
);

await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin
    .resolvePlatformSpecificImplementation<AndroidFlutterLocalNotificationsPlugin>()
    ?.createNotificationChannel(channel);

4. 显示通知

你可以使用 flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.show 方法来显示通知。

void showNotification() async {
  const AndroidNotificationDetails androidPlatformChannelSpecifics =
      AndroidNotificationDetails(
    'high_importance_channel', // channelId
    'High Importance Notifications', // channelName
    'This channel is used for important notifications.', // channelDescription
    importance: Importance.high,
    priority: Priority.high,
    showWhen: false,
  );

  const NotificationDetails platformChannelSpecifics =
      NotificationDetails(android: androidPlatformChannelSpecifics);

  await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.show(
    0, // notification id
    'Notification Title', // title
    'This is the notification body', // body
    platformChannelSpecifics,
    payload: 'data', // optional payload
  );
}

5. 处理通知点击事件

你可以在初始化时设置一个回调函数来处理通知的点击事件。

await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.initialize(initializationSettings,
    onSelectNotification: (String? payload) async {
  if (payload != null) {
    debugPrint('notification payload: $payload');
  }
});

6. 调度通知

你还可以使用 flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.zonedSchedule 方法来调度通知。

void scheduleNotification() async {
  const AndroidNotificationDetails androidPlatformChannelSpecifics =
      AndroidNotificationDetails(
    'high_importance_channel', // channelId
    'High Importance Notifications', // channelName
    'This channel is used for important notifications.', // channelDescription
    importance: Importance.high,
    priority: Priority.high,
    showWhen: false,
  );

  const NotificationDetails platformChannelSpecifics =
      NotificationDetails(android: androidPlatformChannelSpecifics);

  await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.zonedSchedule(
    0, // notification id
    'Scheduled Notification', // title
    'This is a scheduled notification', // body
    tz.TZDateTime.now(tz.local).add(const Duration(seconds: 5)), // schedule time
    platformChannelSpecifics,
    androidAllowWhileIdle: true, // Allow the notification to show even in Doze mode
    uiLocalNotificationDateInterpretation:
        UILocalNotificationDateInterpretation.absoluteTime,
  );
}

7. 取消通知

你可以使用 flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.cancel 方法来取消通知。

void cancelNotification(int notificationId) async {
  await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.cancel(notificationId);
}

8. 取消所有通知

你可以使用 flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.cancelAll 方法来取消所有通知。

void cancelAllNotifications() async {
  await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.cancelAll();
}

9. 处理权限（仅 iOS）

在 iOS 上，你需要请求通知权限。你可以在初始化时请求权限。

await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin
    .resolvePlatformSpecificImplementation<IOSFlutterLocalNotificationsPlugin>()
    ?.requestPermissions(
  alert: true,
  badge: true,
  sound: true,
);

10. 处理后台通知

如果你需要在应用处于后台时处理通知，你可以使用 flutter_local_notifications 插件的 onDidReceiveNotificationResponse 回调。

await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.initialize(initializationSettings,
    onDidReceiveNotificationResponse: (NotificationResponse response) async {
  if (response.payload != null) {
    debugPrint('notification payload: ${response.payload}');
  }
});