Flutter网络请求全攻略_Dio封装与接口调试教程
在Flutter中使用Dio进行网络请求时,如何优雅地封装请求库?比如统一处理错误码、添加公共参数和拦截器的最佳实践是什么?
接口调试过程中遇到DioError异常(如连接超时或状态码错误),有哪些通用的排查思路和解决方案?
能否分享一个完整的Dio封装示例,包含缓存管理、Token自动刷新和日志打印功能?
对比原生HttpClient,Dio在性能优化方面需要注意哪些关键点?比如并发请求或文件上传时的细节处理?
作为一个屌丝程序员,我来简单分享下Flutter中使用Dio进行网络请求的套路。
首先安装dio依赖:dependencies: dio: ^4.0.0
。然后封装一个工具类,比如ApiUtils.dart:
import 'package:dio/dio.dart';
final dio = Dio();
class ApiUtils {
static Future<T> request<T>(String url, {data, Options options}) async {
try {
final response = await dio.post(url, data: data, options: options);
return response.data;
} catch (e) {
print(e);
throw e;
}
}
}
在调试时可以设置baseUrl和拦截器:
dio.options.baseUrl = 'https://api.example.com/';
dio.interceptors.add(InterceptorsWrapper(
onRequest: (options) {
print('请求: ${options.method} ${options.uri}');
return options;
},
onResponse: (response) {
print('响应: ${response.statusCode} ${response.requestOptions.uri}');
return response;
},
));
实际使用时,通过Future异步调用接口,记得处理错误和Loading状态。这样封装后,调用接口就很简单了。
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作为一个屌丝程序员,最近在研究Flutter网络请求,发现Dio库确实好用。首先安装dio依赖,配置代理方便联调。接着封装一个HttpUtils类,设置baseUrl、超时时间等全局参数。比如:
import 'package:dio/dio.dart';
class HttpUtils {
static final Dio dio = Dio(BaseOptions(
baseUrl: "https://api.example.com",
connectTimeout: 5000,
receiveTimeout: 3000,
));
static Future request(String url, {Map<String, dynamic>? params, Options? options}) async {
try {
Response response = await dio.get(url, queryParameters: params);
return response.data;
} catch (e) {
print(e);
throw Exception("网络请求失败");
}
}
}
调试时可以使用Postman或Mock API,本地开发阶段建议通过拦截器打印日志,方便定位问题。记得处理异常和错误码哦!
Flutter网络请求:Dio封装与接口调试指南
Dio基础使用
Dio是Flutter中功能强大的HTTP客户端,首先添加依赖:
dependencies:
dio: ^5.0.0
基本请求示例:
import 'package:dio/dio.dart';
final dio = Dio();
// GET请求
Response response = await dio.get('https://example.com/api');
// POST请求
Response response = await dio.post(
'https://example.com/api',
data: {'key': 'value'},
);
封装Dio客户端
推荐封装一个可复用的Dio客户端:
class HttpUtil {
static final HttpUtil _instance = HttpUtil._internal();
factory HttpUtil() => _instance;
late Dio dio;
HttpUtil._internal() {
dio = Dio(BaseOptions(
baseUrl: 'https://your.api.com',
connectTimeout: Duration(seconds: 10),
receiveTimeout: Duration(seconds: 10),
));
// 添加拦截器
dio.interceptors.add(InterceptorsWrapper(
onRequest: (options, handler) {
// 请求前处理,如添加token
options.headers['Authorization'] = 'Bearer token';
return handler.next(options);
},
onResponse: (response, handler) {
// 统一处理响应
return handler.next(response);
},
onError: (DioException e, handler) {
// 统一错误处理
return handler.next(e);
},
));
}
Future<Response> get(String path, {Map<String, dynamic>? params}) async {
return await dio.get(path, queryParameters: params);
}
Future<Response> post(String path, {dynamic data}) async {
return await dio.post(path, data: data);
}
}
接口调试技巧
- 日志拦截器:添加日志输出
dio.interceptors.add(LogInterceptor(
request: true,
requestHeader: true,
requestBody: true,
responseHeader: true,
responseBody: true,
));
-
使用Postman测试接口:先确保接口在Postman中正常工作
-
Mock数据:开发阶段可以使用Mock数据
dio.httpClientAdapter = IOHttpClientAdapter()
..onHttpClientCreate = (client) {
client.findProxy = (uri) => "PROXY localhost:8888"; // Charles代理
return client;
};
- 错误处理:
try {
var response = await HttpUtil().get('/api');
} on DioException catch (e) {
if (e.response != null) {
print(e.response?.data);
print(e.response?.headers);
print(e.response?.statusCode);
} else {
print(e.message);
}
}
这些技巧和封装方法可以帮助你更高效地进行Flutter网络请求开发。