Golang Windows应用程序開發工具包walk使用指南

walk是一個用於Go語言開發Windows桌面應用程序的庫，它提供了豐富的Windows GUI控件和功能。以下是walk的主要特點和使用方法。

walk的主要特點

1. 原生Windows控件支持
2. 簡單易用的API設計
3. 支持數據綁定
4. 提供對話框、菜單、工具欄等常見UI元素
5. 支持高DPI顯示

安裝walk

go get github.com/lxn/walk

基本使用示例

1. 創建簡單窗口

package main

import (
	"github.com/lxn/walk"
	. "github.com/lxn/walk/declarative"
)

func main() {
	var mainWindow *walk.MainWindow
	
	MainWindow{
		Title:   "Walk示例程序",
		MinSize: Size{300, 200},
		Layout:  VBox{},
		Children: []Widget{
			PushButton{
				Text: "點擊我",
				OnClicked: func() {
					walk.MsgBox(mainWindow, "提示", "你點擊了按鈕!", walk.MsgBoxIconInformation)
				},
			},
		},
	}.Create(&mainWindow)
	
	mainWindow.Run()
}

2. 使用更多控件

package main

import (
	"github.com/lxn/walk"
	. "github.com/lxn/walk/declarative"
)

func main() {
	var mainWindow *walk.MainWindow
	var nameEdit *walk.LineEdit
	var greetBtn *walk.PushButton
	
	MainWindow{
		Title:   "Walk控件示例",
		MinSize: Size{400, 300},
		Layout:  VBox{},
		Children: []Widget{
			Label{
				Text: "請輸入你的名字:",
			},
			LineEdit{
				AssignTo: &nameEdit,
			},
			PushButton{
				AssignTo: &greetBtn,
				Text:     "問候",
				OnClicked: func() {
					name := nameEdit.Text()
					if name == "" {
						name = "陌生人"
					}
					walk.MsgBox(mainWindow, "問候", "你好, "+name+"!", walk.MsgBoxIconInformation)
				},
			},
			CheckBox{
				Text:    "啟用問候按鈕",
				Checked: true,
				OnCheckedChanged: func() {
					greetBtn.SetEnabled(!greetBtn.Enabled())
				},
			},
			RadioButtonGroup{
				DataMember: "Options",
				Buttons: []RadioButton{
					{Text: "選項1"},
					{Text: "選項2"},
					{Text: "選項3"},
				},
			},
		},
	}.Create(&mainWindow)
	
	mainWindow.Run()
}

3. 使用數據綁定

package main

import (
	"github.com/lxn/walk"
	. "github.com/lxn/walk/declarative"
)

type Person struct {
	Name   string
	Age    int
	Active bool
}

func main() {
	var mainWindow *walk.MainWindow
	var nameEdit *walk.LineEdit
	var ageEdit *walk.NumberEdit
	var activeCheck *walk.CheckBox
	
	person := &Person{
		Name:   "張三",
		Age:    30,
		Active: true,
	}
	
	MainWindow{
		Title:   "數據綁定示例",
		MinSize: Size{400, 300},
		Layout:  VBox{},
		Children: []Widget{
			Label{Text: "姓名:"},
			LineEdit{
				AssignTo: &nameEdit,
				Text:     Bind("Name"),
			},
			Label{Text: "年齡:"},
			NumberEdit{
				AssignTo: &ageEdit,
				Value:    Bind("Age"),
			},
			CheckBox{
				AssignTo: &activeCheck,
				Text:     "活躍",
				Checked:  Bind("Active"),
			},
			PushButton{
				Text: "顯示數據",
				OnClicked: func() {
					walk.MsgBox(mainWindow, "當前數據", 
						"姓名: "+person.Name+"\n"+
						"年齡: "+string(person.Age)+"\n"+
						"活躍: "+string(person.Active), 
						walk.MsgBoxIconInformation)
				},
			},
		},
		DataBinder: DataBinder{
			DataSource: person,
		},
	}.Create(&mainWindow)
	
	mainWindow.Run()
}

4. 使用對話框

package main

import (
	"github.com/lxn/walk"
	. "github.com/lxn/walk/declarative"
)

func main() {
	var mainWindow *walk.MainWindow
	
	MainWindow{
		Title:   "對話框示例",
		MinSize: Size{300, 200},
		Layout:  VBox{},
		Children: []Widget{
			PushButton{
				Text: "打開文件",
				OnClicked: func() {
					dlg := new(walk.FileDialog)
					dlg.Title = "選擇文件"
					dlg.Filter = "文本文件 (*.txt)|*.txt|所有文件 (*.*)|*.*"
					
					if ok, err := dlg.ShowOpen(mainWindow); err != nil {
						walk.MsgBox(mainWindow, "錯誤", err.Error(), walk.MsgBoxIconError)
					} else if ok {
						walk.MsgBox(mainWindow, "選擇的文件", dlg.FilePath, walk.MsgBoxIconInformation)
					}
				},
			},
			PushButton{
				Text: "顏色選擇",
				OnClicked: func() {
					dlg := new(walk.ColorDialog)
					
					if ok, err := dlg.Show(mainWindow); err != nil {
						walk.MsgBox(mainWindow, "錯誤", err.Error(), walk.MsgBoxIconError)
					} else if ok {
						walk.MsgBox(mainWindow, "選擇的顏色", dlg.Color().String(), walk.MsgBoxIconInformation)
					}
				},
			},
		},
	}.Create(&mainWindow)
	
	mainWindow.Run()
}

進階功能

自定義控件

package main

import (
	"github.com/lxn/walk"
	. "github.com/lxn/walk/declarative"
)

type MyWidget struct {
	*walk.CustomWidget
}

func NewMyWidget(parent walk.Container) (*MyWidget, error) {
	w := new(MyWidget)
	
	if err := (CustomWidget{
		AssignTo: &w.CustomWidget,
		Name:     "myWidget",
		Paint:    w.drawWidget,
	}).Create(parent); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	
	return w, nil
}

func (w *MyWidget) drawWidget(canvas *walk.Canvas, updateBounds walk.Rectangle) error {
	brush, _ := walk.NewSolidColorBrush(walk.RGB(255, 0, 0))
	defer brush.Dispose()
	
	canvas.FillRectangle(brush, w.ClientBounds())
	
	return nil
}

func main() {
	var mainWindow *walk.MainWindow
	
	MainWindow{
		Title:   "自定義控件示例",
		MinSize: Size{300, 200},
		Layout:  VBox{},
		Children: []Widget{
			Composite{
				Layout: VBox{},
				Children: []Widget{
					CustomWidget{
						Paint: func(canvas *walk.Canvas, updateBounds walk.Rectangle) error {
							brush, _ := walk.NewSolidColorBrush(walk.RGB(0, 0, 255))
							defer brush.Dispose()
							
							canvas.FillRectangle(brush, updateBounds)
							return nil
						},
						MinSize: Size{100, 100},
					},
				},
			},
		},
	}.Create(&mainWindow)
	
	mainWindow.Run()
}

walk庫提供了豐富的功能來開發Windows桌面應用程序，以上只是基礎示例。更多高級功能可以參考walk的官方文檔和示例代碼。