Rust Unicode处理库unic-ucd-hangul的使用，专注韩文字符集Hangul的解析与转换

unic-ucd-hangul是一个专注于处理韩文字符集(Hangul)的Rust库，属于UNIC项目的一部分(Unicode International Components)。该库提供了对Hangul字符的解析和转换功能。

安装

在您的项目目录中运行以下Cargo命令：

cargo add unic-ucd-hangul

或者在Cargo.toml中添加以下行：

unic-ucd-hangul = "0.9.0"

使用示例

以下是使用unic-ucd-hangul库处理韩文字符的完整示例：

use unic_ucd_hangul::{is_hangul, decompose_syllable, compose_syllable};

fn main() {
    // 检查字符是否是韩文字符
    let hangul_char = '한';
    println!("Is '{}' Hangul? {}", hangul_char, is_hangul(hangul_char));
    
    // 分解韩文音节
    if let Some((choseong, jungseong, jongseong)) = decompose_syllable(hangul_char) {
        println!("Decomposed '{}':", hangul_char);
        println!("  초성(Choseong): {}", choseong);
        println!("  중성(Jungseong): {}", jungseong);
        if let Some(jong) = jongseong {
            println!("  종성(Jongseong): {}", jong);
        } else {
            println!("  종성(Jongseong): None");
        }
    }
    
    // 组合韩文音节
    let choseong = 'ᄒ'; // ㅎ
    let jungseong = 'ᅡ'; // ㅏ
    let jongseong = Some('ᆫ'); // ㄴ
    
    if let Some(composed) = compose_syllable(choseong, jungseong, jongseong) {
        println!("Composed syllable: {}", composed); // 应该输出 "한"
    }
    
    // 处理韩文字符串
    let korean_text = "안녕하세요";
    println!("\nProcessing Korean text: {}", korean_text);
    
    for c in korean_text.chars() {
        if is_hangul(c) {
            println!(" - {} is Hangul", c);
        }
    }
}

完整示例扩展

以下是一个更完整的示例，展示了更多unic-ucd-hangul库的功能：

use unic_ucd_hangul::{
    is_hangul, decompose_syllable, compose_syllable,
    is_hangul_jamo, is_hangul_compatibility_jamo, is_hangul_syllable
};

fn main() {
    // 检查各种类型的韩文字符
    let jamo = 'ᄀ'; // 初声字母
    let compatibility_jamo = 'ㄱ'; // 兼容字母
    let syllable = '가'; // 完整音节
    
    println!("Is '{}' Hangul Jamo? {}", jamo, is_hangul_jamo(jamo));
    println!("Is '{}' Hangul Compatibility Jamo? {}", 
        compatibility_jamo, 
        is_hangul_compatibility_jamo(compatibility_jamo)
    );
    println!("Is '{}' Hangul Syllable? {}", syllable, is_hangul_syllable(syllable));
    
    // 分解多个音节
    let phrase = "대한민국";
    println!("\n分解短语: {}", phrase);
    
    for c in phrase.chars() {
        if is_hangul(c) {
            if let Some((choseong, jungseong, jongseong)) = decompose_syllable(c) {
                println!("音节 '{}' 分解为:", c);
                println!("  초성: {}", choseong);
                println!("  중성: {}", jungseong);
                if let Some(jong) = jongseong {
                    println!("  종성: {}", jong);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    
    // 组合多个音节
    let components = [
        ('ᄀ', 'ᅡ', None),   // 가
        ('ᄂ', 'ᅡ', Some('ᆫ')),  // 난
        ('ᄃ', 'ᅢ', None)    // 대
    ];
    
    println!("\n组合音节:");
    for (cho, jung, jong) in components {
        if let Some(syllable) = compose_syllable(cho, jung, jong) {
            println!("组合 {} + {} + {:?} = {}", cho, jung, jong, syllable);
        }
    }
    
    // 检查字符串中的所有韩文字符
    let mixed_text = "Hello 안녕 123 세계!";
    println!("\n检查混合文本中的韩文字符: {}", mixed_text);
    
    let hangul_chars: Vec<char> = mixed_text.chars().filter(|c| is_hangul(*c)).collect();
    println!("找到的韩文字符: {:?}", hangul_chars);
}

功能说明

1. is_hangul(c: char) -> bool - 检查字符是否属于韩文字符集
2. decompose_syllable(c: char) -> Option<(char, char, Option<char>)> - 分解韩文音节为初声(Choseong)、中声(Jungseong)和终声(Jongseong)
3. compose_syllable(choseong: char, jungseong: char, jongseong: Option<char>) -> Option<char> - 将初声、中声和终声组合成完整的韩文音节
4. is_hangul_jamo(c: char) -> bool - 检查字符是否是韩文字母
5. is_hangul_compatibility_jamo(c: char) -> bool - 检查字符是否是韩文兼容字母
6. is_hangul_syllable(c: char) -> bool - 检查字符是否是韩文音节

许可证

该库采用MIT或Apache-2.0双许可证。