Rust跨语言交互库oneshot-uniffi的使用指南

以下是基于您提供内容的完整示例demo：

Rust项目完整示例

Cargo.toml

[package]
name = "my_ffi_lib"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2021"

[lib]
crate-type = ["cdylib"]

[dependencies]
oneshot-uniffi = "0.1"
uniffi = "0.25"
tokio = { version = "1.0", features = ["full"] }
thiserror = "1.0"

src/lib.rs

use uniffi::*;

// 定义错误类型
#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error, uniffi::Error)]
pub enum MyError {
    #[error("Invalid input")]
    InvalidInput,
    #[error("Division by zero")]
    DivisionByZero,
    #[error("Network error")]
    NetworkError,
}

// 导出简单函数
#[uniffi::export]
pub fn greet(name: String) -> Result<String, MyError> {
    if name.is_empty() {
        return Err(MyError::InvalidInput);
    }
    Ok(format!("Hello, {}!", name))
}

#[uniffi::export]
pub fn add_numbers(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 {
    a + b
}

// 导出异步函数
#[uniffi::export]
async fn async_fetch(url: String) -> Result<String, MyError> {
    // 模拟异步网络请求
    if url.is_empty() {
        return Err(MyError::InvalidInput);
    }
    tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
    Ok(format!("Fetched data from {}", url))
}

// 导出复杂类型
#[derive(uniffi::Record)]
pub struct Person {
    name: String,
    age: u32,
}

#[uniffi::export]
pub fn create_person(name: String, age: u32) -> Person {
    Person { name, age }
}

// 导出带错误处理的函数
#[uniffi::export]
pub fn safe_divide(a: f64, b: f64) -> Result<f64, MyError> {
    if b == 0.0 {
        Err(MyError::DivisionByZero)
    } else {
        Ok(a / b)
    }
}

uniffi.toml

[package]
name = "my_ffi_lib"
namespace = "my_ffi_lib"
version = "0.1.0"

[bindings]
kotlin = true
swift = true
python = true

build.rs

fn main() {
    uniffi::generate_scaffolding("./src/lib.rs").unwrap();
}

各语言调用示例

Python调用示例

import asyncio
from my_ffi_lib import *

# 同步调用
print(greet("Python"))  # Hello, Python!
print(add_numbers(3, 4))  # 7

# 异步调用
async def main():
    result = await async_fetch("https://example.com")
    print(result)  # Fetched data from https://example.com
    
    person = create_person("Alice", 30)
    print(f"{person.name} is {person.age} years old")  # Alice is 30 years old
    
    try:
        print(safe_divide(10.0, 2.0))  # 5.0
        print(safe_divide(10.0, 0.0))  # 抛出DivisionByZero错误
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error: {e}")

asyncio.run(main())

Kotlin调用示例

import my.ffi.lib.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.runBlocking

fun main() = runBlocking {
    // 同步调用
    println(greet("Kotlin"))  // Hello, Kotlin!
    println(addNumbers(5, 10))  // 15
    
    // 异步调用
    val result = asyncFetch("https://example.com")
    println(result)  // Fetched data from https://example.com
    
    val person = createPerson("Bob", 25)
    println("${person.name} is ${person.age} years old")  // Bob is 25 years old
    
    try {
        println(safeDivide(10.0, 2.0))  // 5.0
        println(safeDivide(10.0, 0.0))  // 抛出DivisionByZero异常
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        println("Error: $e")
    }
}

Swift调用示例

import my_ffi_lib
import Foundation

Task {
    // 同步调用
    print(greet(name: "Swift"))  // Hello, Swift!
    print(addNumbers(a: 7, b: 8))  // 15
    
    // 异步调用
    let result = try await asyncFetch(url: "https://example.com")
    print(result)  // Fetched data from https://example.com
    
    let person = createPerson(name: "Charlie", age: 35)
    print("\(person.name) is \(person.age) years old")  // Charlie is 35 years old
    
    do {
        print(try safeDivide(a: 10.0, b: 2.0))  // 5.0
        print(try safeDivide(a: 10.0, b: 0.0))  // 抛出DivisionByZero错误
    } catch {
        print("Error: \(error)")
    }
}

构建和运行步骤

1. 构建Rust库：

cargo build --release

1. 生成各语言绑定：

cargo run --features=uniffi/cli -- generate --language python --out-dir ./bindings ./src/lib.rs
cargo run --features=uniffi/cli -- generate --language kotlin --out-dir ./bindings ./src/lib.rs
cargo run --features=uniffi/cli -- generate --language swift --out-dir ./bindings ./src/lib.rs

1. 在各语言项目中集成生成的绑定文件并运行