使用raylib-go进行Golang游戏开发

raylib-go是Raylib游戏框架的Golang绑定，它是一个简单易用的视频游戏编程库，特别适合初学者和2D/3D游戏开发。下面我将介绍raylib-go的基本使用方法和示例代码。

安装raylib-go

首先需要安装raylib-go：

go get github.com/gen2brain/raylib-go/raylib

基本框架

一个最简单的raylib-go程序框架如下：

package main

import rl "github.com/gen2brain/raylib-go/raylib"

func main() {
    // 初始化窗口
    rl.InitWindow(800, 450, "raylib-go 示例")
    defer rl.CloseWindow() // 程序结束时关闭窗口

    // 设置目标FPS
    rl.SetTargetFPS(60)

    // 主游戏循环
    for !rl.WindowShouldClose() { // 检测窗口关闭按钮或ESC键
        // 游戏逻辑更新
        
        // 开始绘图
        rl.BeginDrawing()
        
        // 清空背景
        rl.ClearBackground(rl.RayWhite)
        
        // 绘制内容
        rl.DrawText("Hello, raylib-go!", 190, 200, 20, rl.LightGray)
        
        // 结束绘图
        rl.EndDrawing()
    }
}

2D图形绘制示例

下面是一个绘制2D图形的完整示例：

package main

import rl "github.com/gen2brain/raylib-go/raylib"

func main() {
    screenWidth := int32(800)
    screenHeight := int32(450)

    rl.InitWindow(screenWidth, screenHeight, "2D绘图示例")
    defer rl.CloseWindow()

    ballPosition := rl.NewVector2(float32(screenWidth)/2, float32(screenHeight)/2)
    ballSpeed := rl.NewVector2(5, 4)
    ballRadius := 20.0
    ballColor := rl.Blue

    rl.SetTargetFPS(60)

    for !rl.WindowShouldClose() {
        // 更新小球位置
        ballPosition.X += ballSpeed.X
        ballPosition.Y += ballSpeed.Y

        // 检测边界碰撞
        if ballPosition.X >= float32(screenWidth)-float32(ballRadius) || ballPosition.X <= float32(ballRadius) {
            ballSpeed.X *= -1
            ballColor = rl.ColorFromHSV(rl.GetRandomValue(0, 360), 0.7, 0.9)
        }
        if ballPosition.Y >= float32(screenHeight)-float32(ballRadius) || ballPosition.Y <= float32(ballRadius) {
            ballSpeed.Y *= -1
            ballColor = rl.ColorFromHSV(rl.GetRandomValue(0, 360), 0.7, 0.9)
        }

        // 绘制
        rl.BeginDrawing()
        rl.ClearBackground(rl.RayWhite)

        rl.DrawCircleV(ballPosition, float32(ballRadius), ballColor)
        rl.DrawText("弹跳的小球", 10, 10, 20, rl.DarkGray)

        rl.EndDrawing()
    }
}

输入处理示例

raylib-go提供了简单的输入处理：

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    rl "github.com/gen2brain/raylib-go/raylib"
)

func main() {
    rl.InitWindow(800, 450, "输入处理示例")
    defer rl.CloseWindow()

    boxPosition := rl.NewVector2(350, 280)
    boxSize := rl.NewVector2(100, 100)
    movingSpeed := float32(2)

    rl.SetTargetFPS(60)

    for !rl.WindowShouldClose() {
        // 键盘控制
        if rl.IsKeyDown(rl.KeyRight) {
            boxPosition.X += movingSpeed
        }
        if rl.IsKeyDown(rl.KeyLeft) {
            boxPosition.X -= movingSpeed
        }
        if rl.IsKeyDown(rl.KeyDown) {
            boxPosition.Y += movingSpeed
        }
        if rl.IsKeyDown(rl.KeyUp) {
            boxPosition.Y -= movingSpeed
        }

        // 鼠标控制
        if rl.IsMouseButtonDown(rl.MouseLeftButton) {
            boxPosition = rl.GetMousePosition()
        }

        // 绘制
        rl.BeginDrawing()
        rl.ClearBackground(rl.RayWhite)

        rl.DrawRectangleV(boxPosition, boxSize, rl.Red)
        rl.DrawText("用方向键移动方块\n或用鼠标左键拖动", 10, 10, 20, rl.DarkGray)

        // 显示坐标
        coordText := fmt.Sprintf("位置: (%.0f, %.0f)", boxPosition.X, boxPosition.Y)
        rl.DrawText(coordText, int32(boxPosition.X), int32(boxPosition.Y)-30, 20, rl.Black)

        rl.EndDrawing()
    }
}

纹理和精灵示例

package main

import rl "github.com/gen2brain/raylib-go/raylib"

func main() {
    rl.InitWindow(800, 450, "纹理示例")
    defer rl.CloseWindow()

    // 加载纹理
    texture := rl.LoadTexture("assets/texture.png") // 替换为你的图片路径
    defer rl.UnloadTexture(texture)

    position := rl.NewVector2(350, 200)
    rotation := float32(0)
    scale := float32(1)
    tint := rl.White

    rl.SetTargetFPS(60)

    for !rl.WindowShouldClose() {
        // 旋转纹理
        rotation += 0.5
        if rotation > 360 {
            rotation = 0
        }

        // 缩放控制
        if rl.IsKeyPressed(rl.KeyUp) {
            scale += 0.1
        }
        if rl.IsKeyPressed(rl.KeyDown) {
            scale -= 0.1
        }

        // 绘制
        rl.BeginDrawing()
        rl.ClearBackground(rl.RayWhite)

        // 绘制纹理
        rl.DrawTextureEx(texture, position, rotation, scale, tint)

        rl.DrawText("按上/下键缩放纹理", 10, 10, 20, rl.DarkGray)

        rl.EndDrawing()
    }
}

音频播放示例

package main

import rl "github.com/gen2brain/raylib-go/raylib"

func main() {
    rl.InitWindow(800, 450, "音频示例")
    defer rl.CloseWindow()

    // 初始化音频设备
    rl.InitAudioDevice()
    defer rl.CloseAudioDevice()

    // 加载音效和音乐
    sound := rl.LoadSound("assets/sound.wav") // 替换为你的音效文件
    defer rl.UnloadSound(sound)

    music := rl.LoadMusicStream("assets/music.mp3") // 替换为你的音乐文件
    defer rl.UnloadMusicStream(music)

    rl.PlayMusicStream(music)

    rl.SetTargetFPS(60)

    for !rl.WindowShouldClose() {
        // 更新音乐流
        rl.UpdateMusicStream(music)

        // 键盘控制
        if rl.IsKeyPressed(rl.KeySpace) {
            rl.PlaySound(sound)
        }

        if rl.IsKeyPressed(rl.KeyP) {
            if rl.IsMusicStreamPlaying(music) {
                rl.PauseMusicStream(music)
            } else {
                rl.ResumeMusicStream(music)
            }
        }

        // 绘制
        rl.BeginDrawing()
        rl.ClearBackground(rl.RayWhite)

        rl.DrawText("按空格键播放音效", 10, 10, 20, rl.DarkGray)
        rl.DrawText("按P键暂停/继续音乐", 10, 40, 20, rl.DarkGray)

        rl.EndDrawing()
    }
}

总结

raylib-go提供了简单易用的游戏开发接口，包括：

• 窗口管理
• 2D/3D图形绘制
• 输入处理(键盘、鼠标、游戏手柄)
• 音频播放
• 物理模拟(需要额外模块)

它的API设计直观，文档完善，非常适合初学者学习游戏开发。相比其他游戏引擎，raylib-go更加轻量级，不强制使用特定的架构模式，让开发者可以自由组织代码。

更多示例和完整文档可以参考raylib-go的GitHub仓库和Raylib官方文档。