Rust区块链开发库cumulus-primitives-aura的使用：支持Substrate共识机制与Aura协议的高效集成

安装

在项目目录中运行以下Cargo命令：

cargo add cumulus-primitives-aura

或者在Cargo.toml中添加以下行：

cumulus-primitives-aura = "0.19.0"

使用示例

以下是cumulus-primitives-aura库的使用示例，展示了如何集成Aura共识机制到Substrate区块链中：

use cumulus_primitives_aura::{AuraUnincludedSegmenter, AuraConsensusDataProvider};
use sc_consensus_aura::{ImportQueueParams, SlotProportion, AuraImportQueue};
use sp_consensus_aura::sr25519::{AuthorityPair, AuthorityId};
use sc_service::{Configuration, TaskManager};
use std::sync::Arc;

// 创建Aura共识的导入队列
pub fn create_aura_import_queue(
    config: &Configuration,
    client: Arc<Client>,
    task_manager: &TaskManager,
) -> Result<sc_consensus::DefaultImportQueue<Block>, sc_service::Error> {
    
    let slot_duration = cumulus_primitives_aura::slot_duration(&config.chain_spec)?;
    
    AuraImportQueue::<Block, _, _, _>::new(
        ImportQueueParams {
            block_import: client.clone(),
            justification_import: Some(client.clone()),
            client: client.clone(),
            create_inherent data_providers: move |_, ()| async move {
                Ok(())
            },
            spawner: &task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
            registry: config.prometheus_registry(),
            check_for_equivocation: Default::default(),
            telemetry: None,
            slot_duration,
            // 设置验证者比例
            validator_proportion: SlotProportion::new(2f32 / 3f32),
        }
    )
}

// 创建Aura共识数据提供者
pub fn aura_consensus_data_provider(
    client: Arc<Client>,
    public_key: AuthorityId,
) -> Box<dyn ProvideConsensusData<Block>> {
    Box::new(AuraConsensusDataProvider::new(client, public_key))
}

// 设置Aura未包含段分割器
pub fn aura_unincluded_segmenter() -> Box<dyn UnincludedSegmenter<Block>> {
    Box::new(AuraUnincludedSegmenter::new())
}

完整示例代码

use cumulus_primitives_aura::{AuraUnincludedSegmenter, AuraConsensusDataProvider};
use sc_consensus_aura::{ImportQueueParams, SlotProportion, AuraImportQueue};
use sp_consensus_aura::sr25519::{AuthorityPair, AuthorityId};
use sc_service::{Configuration, TaskManager};
use std::sync::Arc;
use sp_runtime::traits::Block as BlockT;
use sc_client_api::backend::Backend;

// 假设我们有以下类型定义
type Block = sp_runtime::generic::Block<Header, sp_runtime::OpaqueExtrinsic>;
type Client = sc_service::client::Client<Backend>;
type Header = sp_runtime::generic::Header<u32, sp_runtime::traits::BlakeTwo256>;

// 创建完整的Aura共识服务
pub fn create_aura_consensus_service(
    config: &Configuration,
    client: Arc<Client>,
    task_manager: &TaskManager,
    public_key: AuthorityId,
) -> Result<(
    Box<dyn sc_consensus::ImportQueue<Block>>,
    Box<dyn ProvideConsensusData<Block>>,
    Box<dyn UnincludedSegmenter<Block>>,
), sc_service::Error> {

    // 创建Aura导入队列
    let import_queue = create_aura_import_queue(config, client.clone(), task_manager)?;
    
    // 创建Aura共识数据提供者
    let consensus_data_provider = aura_consensus_data_provider(client.clone(), public_key);
    
    // 创建Aura未包含段分割器
    let unincluded_segmenter = aura_unincluded_segmenter();
    
    Ok((import_queue, consensus_data_provider, unincluded_segmenter))
}

// 创建Aura共识的导入队列
pub fn create_aura_import_queue(
    config: &Configuration,
    client: Arc<Client>,
    task_manager: &TaskManager,
) -> Result<sc_consensus::DefaultImportQueue<Block>, sc_service::Error> {
    
    let slot_duration = cumulus_primitives_aura::slot_duration(&config.chain_spec)?;
    
    AuraImportQueue::<Block, _, _, _>::new(
        ImportQueueParams {
            block_import: client.clone(),
            justification_import: Some(client.clone()),
            client: client.clone(),
            create_inherent_data_providers: move |_, ()| async move {
                Ok(())
            },
            spawner: &task_manager.spawn_essential_handle(),
            registry: config.prometheus_registry(),
            check_for_equivocation: Default::default(),
            telemetry: None,
            slot_duration,
            // 设置验证者比例
            validator_proportion: SlotProportion::new(2f32 / 3f32),
        }
    )
}

// 创建Aura共识数据提供者
pub fn aura_consensus_data_provider(
    client: Arc<Client>,
    public_key: AuthorityId,
) -> Box<dyn ProvideConsensusData<Block>> {
    Box::new(AuraConsensusDataProvider::new(client, public_key))
}

// 设置Aura未包含段分割器
pub fn aura_unincluded_segmenter() -> Box<dyn UnincludedSegmenter<Block>> {
    Box::new(AuraUnincludedSegmenter::new())
}

功能说明

1. AuraUnincludedSegmenter：用于处理未包含在最终链中的区块段
2. AuraConsensusDataProvider：提供Aura共识所需的数据
3. slot_duration：获取区块链的slot持续时间
4. ImportQueueParams：配置Aura导入队列的参数

许可证

Apache-2.0