Rust Darwin系统进程管理库darwin-libproc的使用

简介

darwin-libproc是一个Rust库，提供了对macOS(Darwin)系统进程管理的接口封装，允许开发者查询进程信息并进行相关系统调用。这个库是对macOS原生libproc库的Rust绑定，提供了更安全、更方便的Rust接口。

主要功能

• 获取进程列表
• 查询进程信息(名称、路径、PID等)
• 获取进程参数和环境变量
• 进程状态查询
• 其他macOS特有的进程管理功能

使用方法

添加依赖

首先在Cargo.toml中添加依赖：

[dependencies]
darwin-libproc = "0.1"

基本示例

1. 获取所有进程PID

use darwin_libproc::processes;

fn main() {
    match processes::all_pids() {
        Ok(pids) => {
            println!("Running processes (PID count: {}):", pids.len());
            for pid in pids {
                println!("{}", pid);
            }
        }
        Err(e) => eprintln!("Error getting PIDs: {}", e),
    }
}

2. 获取进程名称

use darwin_libproc::process;

fn main() {
    let pid = 123; // 替换为你想查询的PID
    match process::name(pid) {
        Ok(name) => println!("Process name for PID {}: {}", pid, name),
        Err(e) => eprintln!("Error getting process name: {}", e),
    }
}

3. 获取进程完整路径

use darwin_libproc::process;

fn main() {
    let pid = 123; // 替换为你想查询的PID
    match process::path(pid) {
        Ok(path) => println!("Process path for PID {}: {}", pid, path),
        Err(e) => eprintln!("Error getting process path: {}", e),
    }
}

4. 获取进程参数

use darwin_libproc::process;

fn main() {
    let pid = 123; // 替换为你想查询的PID
    match process::args(pid) {
        Ok(args) => {
            println!("Arguments for PID {}:", pid);
            for arg in args {
                println!("- {}", arg);
            }
        }
        Err(e) => eprintln!("Error getting process arguments: {}", e),
    }
}

5. 获取进程环境变量

use darwin_libproc::process;

fn main() {
    let pid = 123; // 替换为你想查询的PID
    match process::env(pid) {
        Ok(env_vars) => {
            println!("Environment variables for PID {}:", pid);
            for (key, value) in env_vars {
                println!("{}={}", key, value);
            }
        }
        Err(e) => eprintln!("Error getting process environment: {}", e),
    }
}

高级用法

获取进程信息结构体

use darwin_libproc::process::{self, ProcInfo};

fn main() {
    let pid = 123; // 替换为你想查询的PID
    match process::proc_info::<ProcInfo>(pid) {
        Ok(info) => {
            println!("Process info for PID {}:", pid);
            println!("Name: {}", info.name());
            println!("Parent PID: {}", info.parent_pid());
            println!("Status: {:?}", info.status());
            // 其他信息...
        }
        Err(e) => eprintln!("Error getting process info: {}", e),
    }
}

获取线程信息

use darwin_libproc::process;

fn main() {
    let pid = 123; // 替换为你想查询的PID
    match process::threads(pid) {
        Ok(threads) => {
            println!("Threads for PID {}:", pid);
            for thread in threads {
                println!("- Thread ID: {}", thread.thread_id);
                // 其他线程信息...
            }
        }
        Err(e) => eprintln!("Error getting threads: {}", e),
    }
}

完整示例

下面是一个综合使用darwin-libproc库的完整示例，展示如何获取当前用户的所有进程信息：

use darwin_libproc::{processes, process};
use std::process::id;

fn main() {
    // 获取当前进程PID
    let current_pid = id() as i32;
    println!("Current process PID: {}", current_pid);

    // 获取所有进程PID
    match processes::all_pids() {
        Ok(pids) => {
            println!("Total running processes: {}", pids.len());
            
            // 遍历所有进程并获取基本信息
            for pid in pids {
                // 跳过无法查询的进程
                if let Ok(name) = process::name(pid) {
                    println!("\nProcess {} (PID: {})", name, pid);
                    
                    // 获取进程路径
                    if let Ok(path) = process::path(pid) {
                        println!("  Path: {}", path);
                    }
                    
                    // 获取进程状态
                    if let Ok(info) = process::proc_info::<process::ProcInfo>(pid) {
                        println!("  Status: {:?}", info.status());
                        println!("  Parent PID: {}", info.parent_pid());
                    }
                    
                    // 如果是当前进程，显示更多信息
                    if pid == current_pid {
                        println!("  [Current Process]");
                        
                        // 获取当前进程参数
                        if let Ok(args) = process::args(pid) {
                            println!("  Arguments:");
                            for arg in args {
                                println!("    - {}", arg);
                            }
                        }
                        
                        // 获取当前进程环境变量
                        if let Ok(env_vars) = process::env(pid) {
                            println!("  Environment Variables:");
                            for (key, value) in env_vars {
                                println!("    {}={}", key, value);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        Err(e) => eprintln!("Error getting process list: {}", e),
    }
}

注意事项

1. 需要macOS系统才能使用此库
2. 某些功能可能需要root权限
3. 查询其他进程的信息可能需要适当的权限
4. 错误处理很重要，因为许多操作可能会失败(如进程不存在、权限不足等)

这个库为macOS系统上的进程管理提供了强大的功能，适合需要深入与系统进程交互的Rust应用程序开发。