Rust Solana质押账户管理库solana-stake-accounts的使用，高效处理Solana区块链的质押和委托操作

安装

cargo install solana-stake-accounts

运行上述命令将全局安装 solana-stake-accounts 二进制文件。

基本使用

以下是使用 solana-stake-accounts 库处理 Solana 质押账户的基本示例：

use solana_sdk::{
    pubkey::Pubkey,
    signature::{Keypair, Signer},
};
use solana_stake_accounts::{
    stake_instruction, stake_state,
    system_instruction,
    transaction::Transaction,
};

// 创建质押账户的基本示例
fn create_stake_account(
    from_keypair: &Keypair,
    stake_keypair: &Keypair,
    lamports: u64,
    authorized: &stake_state::Authorized,
    lockup: &stake_state::Lockup,
) -> Transaction {
    let instructions = vec![
        system_instruction::create_account(
            &from_keypair.pubkey(),
            &stake_keypair.pubkey(),
            lamports,
            stake_state::StakeStateV2::size_of() as u64,
            &stake_state::program_id(),
        ),
        stake_instruction::initialize(
            &stake_keypair.pubkey(),
            authorized,
            lockup,
        ),
    ];

    Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
        &instructions,
        Some(&from_keypair.pubkey()),
        &[from_keypair, stake_keypair],
        recent_blockhash,
    )
}

委托操作示例

use solana_stake_accounts::{
    stake_instruction,
    stake_state::Stake,
};

// 委托质押给验证节点
fn delegate_stake(
    stake_pubkey: &Pubkey,
    authorized_pubkey: &Pubkey,
    vote_pubkey: &Pubkey,
) -> Transaction {
    let instruction = stake_instruction::delegate_stake(
        stake_pubkey,
        authorized_pubkey,
        vote_pubkey,
    );

    Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
        &[instruction],
        Some(&authorized_pubkey),
        &[authorized_keypair],
        recent_blockhash,
    )
}

完整的质押流程示例

use solana_sdk::{
    pubkey::Pubkey,
    signature::{Keypair, Signer},
    system_program,
};
use solana_stake_accounts::{
    stake_instruction, stake_state,
    system_instruction,
    transaction::Transaction,
};

fn full_stake_example() {
    // 创建必要的密钥对
    let payer = Keypair::new();
    let stake_account = Keypair::new();
    let authorized = Keypair::new();
    let validator_vote_account = Pubkey::new_unique();
    
    // 设置授权和锁定参数
    let stake_authorized = stake_state::Authorized {
        staker: authorized.pubkey(),
        withdrawer: authorized.pubkey(),
    };
    
    let stake_lockup = stake_state::Lockup::default();
    let lamports = 1_000_000_000; // 1 SOL
    
    // 1. 创建质押账户
    let create_tx = create_stake_account(
        &payer,
        &stake_account,
        lamports,
        &stake_authorized,
        &stake_lockup,
    );
    
    // 2. 委托质押
    let delegate_tx = delegate_stake(
        &stake_account.pubkey(),
        &authorized.pubkey(),
        &validator_vote_account,
    );
    
    // 这里应该发送交易到网络
    // client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&create_tx).unwrap();
    // client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&delegate_tx).unwrap();
}

完整示例代码

下面是一个更完整的示例，展示了如何创建质押账户、委托质押以及与Solana网络交互：

use solana_client::rpc_client::RpcClient;
use solana_sdk::{
    commitment_config::CommitmentConfig,
    pubkey::Pubkey,
    signature::{Keypair, Signer},
    system_program,
};
use solana_stake_accounts::{
    stake_instruction, stake_state,
    system_instruction,
    transaction::Transaction,
};

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    // 连接到Solana开发网
    let rpc_url = "https://api.devnet.solana.com";
    let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(rpc_url, CommitmentConfig::confirmed());
    
    // 生成密钥对
    let payer = Keypair::new(); // 实际应用中应该从钱包加载
    let stake_account = Keypair::new();
    let authorized = Keypair::new();
    
    // 获取最新的区块hash
    let recent_blockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash()?;
    
    // 设置质押参数
    let validator_vote_account = Pubkey::try_from("VALIDATOR_VOTE_ACCOUNT_PUBKEY")?; // 替换为实际的验证节点投票账户
    let stake_authorized = stake_state::Authorized {
        staker: authorized.pubkey(),
        withdrawer: authorized.pubkey(),
    };
    let stake_lockup = stake_state::Lockup::default();
    let lamports = 1_000_000_000; // 1 SOL
    
    // 1. 创建质押账户
    let create_instructions = vec![
        system_instruction::create_account(
            &payer.pubkey(),
            &stake_account.pubkey(),
            lamports,
            stake_state::StakeStateV2::size_of() as u64,
            &stake_state::program_id(),
        ),
        stake_instruction::initialize(
            &stake_account.pubkey(),
            &stake_authorized,
            &stake_lockup,
        ),
    ];
    
    let create_tx = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
        &create_instructions,
        Some(&payer.pubkey()),
        &[&payer, &stake_account],
        recent_blockhash,
    );
    
    // 发送创建交易
    client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&create_tx)?;
    println!("质押账户创建成功: {}", stake_account.pubkey());
    
    // 2. 委托质押
    let delegate_instruction = stake_instruction::delegate_stake(
        &stake_account.pubkey(),
        &authorized.pubkey(),
        &validator_vote_account,
    );
    
    let delegate_tx = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
        &[delegate_instruction],
        Some(&payer.pubkey()),
        &[&payer, &authorized],
        recent_blockhash,
    );
    
    // 发送委托交易
    client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&delegate_tx)?;
    println!("质押已委托给验证节点: {}", validator_vote_account);
    
    Ok(())
}

代码说明

1. RPC客户端: 使用RpcClient连接到Solana网络
2. 密钥对生成: 创建支付账户、质押账户和授权账户
3. 质押参数设置:
   • 指定验证节点投票账户
   • 设置质押授权信息
   • 设置锁定参数
4. 交易构建:
   • 创建质押账户交易
   • 质押委托交易
5. 交易发送: 使用RPC客户端发送并确认交易

其他功能

solana-stake-accounts 还提供了许多其他功能，包括：

1. 分割质押账户
2. 合并质押账户
3. 撤销质押
4. 修改授权
5. 设置锁定

许可证

该项目使用 Apache-2.0 许可证。