Rust命令行工具增强库devx-cmd使用指南

概述

devx-cmd是一个Rust库，旨在简化和增强命令行工具的开发体验。它提供了一系列实用功能，帮助开发者快速构建功能丰富的命令行应用，提升开发效率和脚本编写体验。

主要特性

• 简洁的命令行参数解析
• 彩色输出支持
• 进度条显示
• 交互式提示
• 跨平台兼容性
• 错误处理增强

安装方法

在Cargo.toml中添加依赖：

[dependencies]
devx-cmd = "0.1"

基本使用方法

1. 命令行参数解析

use devx_cmd::Cmd;

fn main() {
    let cmd = Cmd::new()
        .arg("input", "Input file path")
        .arg("output", "Output file path")
        .flag("verbose", "Enable verbose output")
        .parse();
    
    if cmd.flag("verbose") {
        println!("Verbose mode enabled");
    }
    
    let input = cmd.arg_value("input").unwrap();
    let output = cmd.arg_value("output").unwrap();
    
    println!("Processing {} to {}", input, output);
}

2. 彩色输出

use devx_cmd::color;

fn main() {
    println!("{} This is red text", color::red("Error:"));
    println!("{} This is green text", color::green("Success:"));
    println!("{} This is yellow text", color::yellow("Warning:"));
    println!("{} This is blue text", color::blue("Info:"));
}

3. 进度条

use devx_cmd::progress;

fn main() {
    let mut pb = progress::ProgressBar::new(100, "Processing");
    
    for i in 0..100 {
        // 模拟处理过程
        std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(50));
        pb.update(i + 1);
    }
    
    pb.finish("Done!");
}

4. 交互式提示

use devx_cmd::prompt;

fn main() {
    let name = prompt::input("Enter your name: ").unwrap();
    let age = prompt::number("Enter your age: ").unwrap();
    let confirm = prompt::confirm("Are you sure? ").unwrap();
    
    println!("Name: {}, Age: {}, Confirmed: {}", name, age, confirm);
}

高级功能

1. 命令执行与管道

use devx_cmd::run;

fn main() {
    // 执行简单命令
    let output = run!("ls -la").unwrap();
    println!("{}", output);
    
    // 使用管道
    let result = run!("ps aux | grep rust").unwrap();
    println!("{}", result);
    
    // 带环境变量
    let env_output = run!("echo $HOME", env: [("MY_VAR", "value")]).unwrap();
    println!("{}", env_output);
}

2. 表格输出

use devx_cmd::table;

fn main() {
    let mut tbl = table::Table::new();
    tbl.header(vec!["Name", "Age", "City"]);
    tbl.row(vec!["Alice", "25", "New York"]);
    tbl.row(vec!["Bob", "30", "London"]);
    tbl.row(vec!["Charlie", "35", "Paris"]);
    
    println!("{}", tbl);
}

3. 错误处理增强

use devx_cmd::{Cmd, error::Result};

fn process_file(cmd: &Cmd) -> Result<()> {
    let input = cmd.arg_value("input").ok_or("Missing input file")?;
    let output = cmd.arg_value("output").ok_or("Missing output file")?;
    
    // 文件处理逻辑...
    
    Ok(())
}

fn main() {
    let cmd = Cmd::new()
        .arg("input", "Input file")
        .arg("output", "Output file")
        .parse();
    
    if let Err(e) = process_file(&cmd) {
        eprintln!("{} {}", color::red("Error:"), e);
        std::process::exit(1);
    }
}

实际应用示例

批量文件处理脚本

use devx_cmd::{Cmd, run, progress, color};

fn main() {
    let cmd = Cmd::new()
        .arg("dir", "Directory to process")
        .flag("recursive", "Process recursively")
        .parse();
    
    let dir = cmd.arg_value("dir").unwrap();
    let recursive = cmd.flag("recursive");
    
    let find_cmd = if recursive {
        format!("find {} -type f -name '*.txt'", dir)
    } else {
        format!("find {} -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '*.txt'", dir)
    };
    
    let files = run!(&find_cmd).unwrap();
    let file_list: Vec<&str> = files.trim().split('\n').collect();
    
    let mut pb = progress::ProgressBar::new(file_list.len(), "Processing files");
    
    for (i, file) in file_list.iter().enumerate() {
        // 处理每个文件
        let result = run!(format!("sed -i 's/old/new/g' {}", file));
        
        match result {
            Ok(_) => println!("{} Processed: {}", color::green("[OK]"), file),
            Err(e) => println!("{} Failed to process {}: {}", color::red("[ERROR]"), file, e),
        }
        
        pb.update(i + 1);
    }
    
    pb.finish("All files processed");
}

完整示例代码

// 完整的使用devx-cmd构建命令行工具的示例
use devx_cmd::{Cmd, run, progress, color, prompt, table, error::Result};

fn main() -> Result<()> {
    // 1. 命令行参数解析
    let cmd = Cmd::new()
        .arg("action", "Action to perform (process/report)")
        .arg("target", "Target directory or file")
        .flag("verbose", "Enable verbose output")
        .flag("force", "Force operation without confirmation")
        .parse();

    // 检查verbose标志
    if cmd.flag("verbose") {
        println!("{} Verbose mode enabled", color::blue("[INFO]"));
    }

    // 获取参数值
    let action = cmd.arg_value("action").ok_or("Missing action")?;
    let target = cmd.arg_value("target").ok_or("Missing target")?;

    // 2. 根据action执行不同操作
    match action.as_str() {
        "process" => {
            // 3. 交互式确认
            if !cmd.flag("force") {
                let confirm = prompt::confirm(&format!("Process {}? (y/n) ", target))?;
                if !confirm {
                    println!("{} Operation cancelled", color::yellow("[WARNING]"));
                    return Ok(());
                }
            }

            // 4. 进度条显示
            let mut pb = progress::ProgressBar::new(100, "Processing files");
            for i in 0..100 {
                std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(30));
                pb.update(i + 1);
            }
            pb.finish("Processing complete");

            // 5. 执行命令
            let output = run!("ls -la {}", target)?;
            println!("{}", output);
        }
        "report" => {
            // 6. 表格输出
            let mut tbl = table::Table::new();
            tbl.header(vec!["File", "Size", "Modified"]);
            tbl.row(vec!["file1.txt", "1.2KB", "2023-01-01"]);
            tbl.row(vec!["file2.txt", "3.4KB", "2023-01-02"]);
            tbl.row(vec!["file3.txt", "5.6KB", "2023-01-03"]);
            println!("{}", tbl);
        }
        _ => {
            // 7. 错误处理
            return Err(format!("Unknown action: {}", action).into());
        }
    }

    Ok(())
}

总结

devx-cmd为Rust命令行工具开发提供了全面的支持，从基本的参数解析到复杂的交互功能，都能显著提升开发效率。通过上述示例，您可以快速上手并集成到自己的项目中，构建更强大、用户友好的命令行工具。