Rust密码学库crate_crypto_internal_eth_kzg_bls12_381使用指南

库简介

crypto_internal_eth_kzg_bls12_381是一个Rust密码学库，专门用于支持以太坊生态中的BLS12-381曲线操作和KZG(Kate-Zaverucha-Goldberg)多项式承诺方案。这个库为以太坊的EIP-4844(Proto-Danksharding)等特性提供底层密码学支持。

主要特性

• 支持BLS12-381椭圆曲线操作
• 实现KZG多项式承诺方案
• 提供以太坊兼容的加密原语
• 优化了以太坊特定用例的性能

使用方法

添加依赖

首先在Cargo.toml中添加依赖：

[dependencies]
crypto_internal_eth_kzg_bls12_381 = "0.1"

基本示例

1. 初始化信任设置

use crypto_internal_eth_kzg_bls12_381::{KzgSettings, load_trusted_setup_file};

fn main() {
    // 从文件加载信任设置(通常是以太坊主网的设置)
    let settings = load_trusted_setup_file("trusted_setup.txt")
        .expect("Failed to load trusted setup");
    
    // 或者使用内置的测试设置
    let test_settings = KzgSettings::default();
}

2. 创建和验证KZG承诺

use crypto_internal_eth_kzg_bls12_381::{blob_to_kzg_commitment, compute_kzg_proof, verify_kzg_proof};

fn kzg_operations() {
    let settings = KzgSettings::default();
    
    // 假设我们有一个数据blob(实际应用中会是EIP-4844的交易数据)
    let blob = [0u8; 4096];  // 实际应为有效的字段元素
    
    // 创建KZG承诺
    let commitment = blob_to_kzg_commitment(&blob, &settings)
        .expect("Failed to create commitment");
    
    // 为blob中的特定点创建证明
    let z = [1u8; 32];  // 评估点
    let y = [2u8; 32];  // 期望值
    let proof = compute_kzg_proof(&blob, &z, &settings)
        .expect("Failed to compute proof");
    
    // 验证证明
    let is_valid = verify_kzg_proof(&commitment, &z, &y, &proof, &settings)
        .expect("Verification failed");
    
    println!("Proof is valid: {}", is_valid);
}

3. BLS签名操作

use crypto_internal_eth_kzg_bls12_381::{SecretKey, PublicKey, Signature};

fn bls_signature_example() {
    // 生成密钥对
    let sk = SecretKey::random();
    let pk = sk.public_key();
    
    // 签名消息
    let message = b"Ethereum BLS12-381 test message";
    let signature = sk.sign(message);
    
    // 验证签名
    let is_valid = signature.verify(&pk, message);
    println!("Signature valid: {}", is_valid);
}

高级用法

批量验证

use crypto_internal_eth_kzg_bls12_381::{batch_verify_kzg_proofs};

fn batch_verification_example() {
    let settings = KzgSettings::default();
    
    // 假设我们有一批承诺、证明等
    let commitments = vec![...];
    let zs = vec![...];
    let ys = vec![...];
    let proofs = vec![...];
    
    // 批量验证
    let all_valid = batch_verify_kzg_proofs(
        &commitments,
        &zs,
        &ys,
        &proofs,
        &settings
    ).expect("Batch verification failed");
    
    println!("All proofs valid: {}", all_valid);
}

自定义域操作

use crypto_internal_eth_kzg_bls12_381::{Fr, G1Affine, G2Affine};

fn field_operations() {
    // 创建有限域元素
    let a = Fr::from(42);
    let b = Fr::from(24);
    
    // 基本算术运算
    let sum = a + b;
    let product = a * b;
    
    // 群操作
    let g1 = G1Affine::generator();
    let g2 = G2Affine::generator();
    
    // 标量乘法
    let scalar = Fr::from(3);
    let result = g1 * scalar;
}

完整示例

以下是一个完整的示例程序，展示了如何使用该库进行基本的KZG承诺和BLS签名操作：

use crypto_internal_eth_kzg_bls12_381::{
    KzgSettings, 
    blob_to_kzg_commitment, 
    compute_kzg_proof, 
    verify_kzg_proof,
    SecretKey, 
    PublicKey, 
    Signature
};

fn main() {
    // 1. 初始化KZG设置
    let kzg_settings = KzgSettings::default();
    
    // 2. KZG承诺示例
    let blob = [0u8; 4096];  // 实际应用中应为有效的字段元素
    let commitment = blob_to_kzg_commitment(&blob, &kzg_settings)
        .expect("Failed to create commitment");
    
    let z = [1u8; 32];  // 评估点
    let y = [2u8; 32];  // 期望值
    let proof = compute_kzg_proof(&blob, &z, &kzg_settings)
        .expect("Failed to compute proof");
    
    let is_valid = verify_kzg_proof(&commitment, &z, &y, &proof, &kzg_settings)
        .expect("Verification failed");
    
    println!("KZG Proof is valid: {}", is_valid);
    
    // 3. BLS签名示例
    let secret_key = SecretKey::random();
    let public_key = secret_key.public_key();
    let message = b"Important Ethereum message";
    
    let signature = secret_key.sign(message);
    let sig_valid = signature.verify(&public_key, message);
    
    println!("BLS Signature valid: {}", sig_valid);
    
    // 4. 有限域操作示例
    use crypto_internal_eth_kzg_bls12_381::{Fr, G1Affine};
    
    let a = Fr::from(10);
    let b = Fr::from(20);
    let sum = a + b;
    println!("Field element sum: {:?}", sum);
    
    let g = G1Affine::generator();
    let scalar = Fr::from(5);
    let mul_result = g * scalar;
    println!("Scalar multiplication result: {:?}", mul_result);
}

注意事项

1. 生产环境应使用正确的信任设置(通常来自以太坊主网)
2. 确保正确处理错误，密码学操作可能因无效输入而失败
3. 性能敏感场景考虑使用多线程或异步处理
4. 密钥管理应遵循安全最佳实践

这个库专为以太坊生态系统设计，特别适合构建与EIP-4844相关的工具、客户端或基础设施。