Golang嵌套结构体的显式赋值方法

在Go语言中，为嵌套结构体赋值可以通过直接初始化或分步赋值来实现。以下是一个完整的示例，展示如何为你的FinalJson结构体赋值：

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
)

type FinalJson struct {
    Stat string `json:"status"`
    RAR  struct {
        Stay  bool `json:"Stay"`
        Rooms []struct {
            Description string `json:"description"`
            Accessible  bool   `json:"accessible"`
            Rates       []struct {
                NightRatesBeforeTax []float64 `json:"nightRatesBeforeTax"`
                NightRatesAfterTax  []float64 `json:"nightRatesAfterTax"`
                RatePlanID          string    `json:"ratePlanId"`
                CurrencyCode        string    `json:"currencyCode"`
                TaxList             []struct {
                    TaxType    string `json:"taxType"`
                    TaxPercent string `json:"taxPercent"`
                } `json:"taxList"`
            } `json:"Rates"`
        } `json:"Rooms"`
    } `json:"RAR"`
}

func main() {
    // 方法1：直接初始化
    data := FinalJson{
        Stat: "success",
        RAR: struct {
            Stay  bool `json:"Stay"`
            Rooms []struct {
                Description string `json:"description"`
                Accessible  bool   `json:"accessible"`
                Rates       []struct {
                    NightRatesBeforeTax []float64 `json:"nightRatesBeforeTax"`
                    NightRatesAfterTax  []float64 `json:"nightRatesAfterTax"`
                    RatePlanID          string    `json:"ratePlanId"`
                    CurrencyCode        string    `json:"currencyCode"`
                    TaxList             []struct {
                        TaxType    string `json:"taxType"`
                        TaxPercent string `json:"taxPercent"`
                    } `json:"taxList"`
                } `json:"Rates"`
            } `json:"Rooms"`
        }{
            Stay: true,
            Rooms: []struct {
                Description string `json:"description"`
                Accessible  bool   `json:"accessible"`
                Rates       []struct {
                    NightRatesBeforeTax []float64 `json:"nightRatesBeforeTax"`
                    NightRatesAfterTax  []float64 `json:"nightRatesAfterTax"`
                    RatePlanID          string    `json:"ratePlanId"`
                    CurrencyCode        string    `json:"currencyCode"`
                    TaxList             []struct {
                        TaxType    string `json:"taxType"`
                        TaxPercent string `json:"taxPercent"`
                    } `json:"taxList"`
                } `json:"Rates"`
            }{
                {
                    Description: "豪华套房",
                    Accessible:  true,
                    Rates: []struct {
                        NightRatesBeforeTax []float64 `json:"nightRatesBeforeTax"`
                        NightRatesAfterTax  []float64 `json:"nightRatesAfterTax"`
                        RatePlanID          string    `json:"ratePlanId"`
                        CurrencyCode        string    `json:"currencyCode"`
                        TaxList             []struct {
                            TaxType    string `json:"taxType"`
                            TaxPercent string `json:"taxPercent"`
                        } `json:"taxList"`
                    }{
                        {
                            NightRatesBeforeTax: []float64{100.0, 110.0, 120.0},
                            NightRatesAfterTax:  []float64{118.0, 129.8, 141.6},
                            RatePlanID:          "RP001",
                            CurrencyCode:        "USD",
                            TaxList: []struct {
                                TaxType    string `json:"taxType"`
                                TaxPercent string `json:"taxPercent"`
                            }{
                                {TaxType: "VAT", TaxPercent: "18%"},
                                {TaxType: "City Tax", TaxPercent: "2%"},
                            },
                        },
                    },
                },
            },
        },
    }

    // 方法2：分步赋值（更清晰）
    var data2 FinalJson
    data2.Stat = "success"
    data2.RAR.Stay = true
    
    // 添加房间
    room := struct {
        Description string `json:"description"`
        Accessible  bool   `json:"accessible"`
        Rates       []struct {
            NightRatesBeforeTax []float64 `json:"nightRatesBeforeTax"`
            NightRatesAfterTax  []float64 `json:"nightRatesAfterTax"`
            RatePlanID          string    `json:"ratePlanId"`
            CurrencyCode        string    `json:"currencyCode"`
            TaxList             []struct {
                TaxType    string `json:"taxType"`
                TaxPercent string `json:"taxPercent"`
            } `json:"taxList"`
        } `json:"Rates"`
    }{
        Description: "标准间",
        Accessible:  false,
    }
    
    // 添加价格信息
    rate := struct {
        NightRatesBeforeTax []float64 `json:"nightRatesBeforeTax"`
        NightRatesAfterTax  []float64 `json:"nightRatesAfterTax"`
        RatePlanID          string    `json:"ratePlanId"`
        CurrencyCode        string    `json:"currencyCode"`
        TaxList             []struct {
            TaxType    string `json:"taxType"`
            TaxPercent string `json:"taxPercent"`
        } `json:"taxList"`
    }{
        NightRatesBeforeTax: []float64{80.0, 85.0, 90.0},
        NightRatesAfterTax:  []float64{94.4, 100.3, 106.2},
        RatePlanID:          "RP002",
        CurrencyCode:        "USD",
    }
    
    // 添加税率信息
    tax1 := struct {
        TaxType    string `json:"taxType"`
        TaxPercent string `json:"taxPercent"`
    }{TaxType: "VAT", TaxPercent: "18%"}
    
    rate.TaxList = append(rate.TaxList, tax1)
    room.Rates = append(room.Rates, rate)
    data2.RAR.Rooms = append(data2.RAR.Rooms, room)

    // 转换为JSON验证结果
    jsonData, _ := json.MarshalIndent(data, "", "  ")
    fmt.Println("方法1结果:")
    fmt.Println(string(jsonData))
    
    jsonData2, _ := json.MarshalIndent(data2, "", "  ")
    fmt.Println("\n方法2结果:")
    fmt.Println(string(jsonData2))
}

这个示例展示了两种赋值方法：

1. 直接初始化：在声明时一次性完成所有嵌套结构体的赋值
2. 分步赋值：先创建外层结构体，然后逐层为嵌套结构体赋值

分步赋值的方法更适合从REST服务获取数据后动态构建结构体，而直接初始化适合硬编码数据场景。两种方法都能正确生成所需的JSON格式。