在Golang终端中使用curl的方法与技巧

在Go语言中，您可以通过os/exec包执行系统命令，包括curl。以下是如何在Go程序中执行给定的curl命令字符串的示例代码：

package main

import (
    "os"
    "os/exec"
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    curlstr := `curl -H 'Host: www.bos.de' -H 'Cache-Control: max-age=0' -H 'Origin: https://www.bos.de' -H 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1' -H 'Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu' -H 'User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36' -H 'Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3' -H 'Referer: https://www.bos.de/en/contact/send-message.html' -H 'Accept-Language: ru-RU,ru;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7' -H 'Cookie: _ga=GA1.2.659292183.1561542752; _gid=GA1.2.611660608.1561542752' -H 'DNT: 1' --data-binary '------WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="tx_powermail_pi1[__referrer][@extension]"

Powermail
------WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="tx_powermail_pi1[__referrer][@vendor]"

In2code
------WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="tx_powermail_pi1[__referrer][@controller]"

Form
------WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="tx_powermail_pi1[__referrer][@action]"

form
------WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="tx_powermail_pi1[__referrer][arguments]"

YTowOnt98ee02f22bba789d397ac6678624087794688bcf3
------WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="tx_powermail_pi1[__referrer][@request]"

a:4:{s:10:"@extension";s:9:"Powermail";s:11:"@controller";s:4:"Form";s:7:"@action";s:4:"form";s:7:"@vendor";s:7:"In2code";}405f1bef0ad6e766c981df2a295a365e54c5fc44
------WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="tx_powermail_pi1[__trustedProperties]"

a:2:{s:4:"mail";a:1:{s:4:"form";i:1;}s:5:"field";a:7:{s:4:"__hp";i:1;s:9:"firstname";i:1;s:8:"lastname";i:1;s:5:"email";i:1;s:10:"callnumber";i:1;s:7:"company";i:1;s:7:"message";i:1;}}f5f40bc8468d58edae0aee164cda03327f5c5cd3
------WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="tx_powermail_pi1[mail][form]"

3
------WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="tx_powermail_pi1[field][__hp]"

------WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="tx_powermail_pi1[field][firstname]"

Deion www.google.com
------WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="tx_powermail_pi1[field][lastname]"

Sipes
------WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="tx_powermail_pi1[field][email]"

------WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="tx_powermail_pi1[field][callnumber]"

037-081-3533
------WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="tx_powermail_pi1[field][company]"

Monahan, Wisozk and Wilderman
------WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="tx_powermail_pi1[field][message]"

example text
------WebKitFormBoundaryMB2FxJ70TX1UemBu--
' --compressed 'https://www.bos.de/en/contact/send-message.html?tx_powermail_pi1%5Baction%5D=create&tx_powermail_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=Form&cHash=c2f7e72652576d4f6dba8460063ff64e'`

    // 将curl命令字符串分割成参数列表
    args := strings.Fields(curlstr)
    
    // 移除第一个元素（"curl"），因为exec.Command需要命令和参数分开
    cmd := exec.Command("curl", args[1:]...)
    
    // 设置标准输出和标准错误输出
    cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
    cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
    
    // 执行命令
    err := cmd.Run()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
}

如果您希望将curl命令作为单个字符串执行（例如通过shell），可以使用以下方法：

package main

import (
    "os"
    "os/exec"
)

func main() {
    curlstr := `curl -H 'Host: www.bos.de' ...` // 完整的curl命令字符串
    
    // 通过shell执行整个命令字符串
    cmd := exec.Command("sh", "-c", curlstr)
    
    cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
    cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
    
    err := cmd.Run()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
}

要捕获命令输出而不是直接打印到终端：

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "os/exec"
)

func main() {
    curlstr := `curl -H 'Host: www.bos.de' ...` // 完整的curl命令字符串
    
    cmd := exec.Command("sh", "-c", curlstr)
    
    // 捕获输出
    output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Printf("命令执行错误: %v\n", err)
        return
    }
    
    fmt.Printf("命令输出:\n%s\n", output)
}

这些方法允许您在Go程序中执行curl命令，同时保持原始命令的所有参数和格式。