Golang Web服务器与Vue.js前端如何进行数据交互?

Golang Web服务器与Vue.js前端如何进行数据交互? 我正在尝试理解如何在非常简洁的Go语言Web服务器和Vue.js前端之间交换数据。

这是 server-gorillamux.go 文件:

package main

import (
        "encoding/json"
        "github.com/gorilla/mux"
        "log"
        "net/http"
)

const (
        CONN_HOST = "192.168.1.7"
        CONN_PORT = "3000"
)

type Puser struct {
        first_name   string `json:"first_name"`
        last_name    string `json:"last_name"`
        company_name string `json:"company_name"`
        email        string `json:"email"`
        tel          string `json:"tel"`
}

type Pusers []Puser

var pusers []Puser

type Route struct {
        Name        string
        Method      string
        Pattern     string
        HandlerFunc http.HandlerFunc
}

type Routes []Route

var routes = Routes{
        Route{
                "getPusers",
                "GET",
                "/pusers",
                getPusers,
        },
        Route{
                "addPuser",
                "POST",
                "/puser/add",
                addPuser,
        },
}

func getPusers(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(pusers)
}

func addPuser(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        puser := Puser{}
        err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&puser)
        if err != nil {
                log.Print("error occured while decoding puser data :: ", err)
        }
        log.Printf("adding puser id :: % s with firstName ■■■ :: %s and lastName as :: %s ",   
puser.first_name, puser.last_name)
        pusers = append(pusers, Puser{first_name: puser.first_name,
                last_name: puser.last_name, company_name: puser.company_name,
                email: puser.email, tel: puser.tel})
        json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(pusers)
}

func AddRoutes(router *mux.Router) *mux.Router {
        for _, route := range routes {
                router.
                        Methods(route.Method).
                        Path(route.Pattern).
                        Name(route.Name).
                        Handler(route.HandlerFunc)
        }
        return router
 }

func main() {
        muxRouter := mux.NewRouter().StrictSlash(true)
        router := AddRoutes(muxRouter)
        router.PathPrefix("/").Handler(http.FileServer(http.Dir("../src/components/auth/Forms.vue")))
        //router.PathPrefix("/").Handler(http.FileServer(http.Dir("../public/")))
        err := http.ListenAndServe(CONN_HOST+":"+CONN_PORT, router)
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatal("error starting http server :: ", err)
                return
        }
}

这是 /src/components/auth/Forms.vue 文件:

<template>
  <div id="signupform">
    <div class="signup-form">
      <form @submit.prevent="onSubmit">
        <div class="firstname">
          <label for="firstname">First Name</label>
          <input
                 type="string"
                 id="firstname"
                 v-model="firstname" placeholder="First Name">
        </div>
        <div class="lastname">
          <label for="lastname">Last Name</label>
          <input
                 type="string"
                 id="lastname"
                 v-model="lastname" placeholder="Last Name">
        </div>
        <div class="companyname">
          <label for="companyname">Company Name</label>
          <input
                 type="string"
                 id="companyname"
                 v-model="companyname" placeholder="Company Name">
        </div>
        <div class="input">
          <label for="email">Mail</label>
          <input
                  type="email"
                  id="email"
                  v-model="email" placeholder="e-mail">
        </div>
        <div class="input">
          <label for="tel">Telephone Number</label>
          <vue-tel-input v-model="tel"></vue-tel-input>
        </div>
        <div class="input inline">
      <input type="checkbox" id="terms" v-model="terms">
          <label for="terms">Accept Terms of Use</label>
        </div>
        <div class="submit">
          <button type="submit">Submit</button>
        </div>
      </form>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
  //import axios from '../../axios-auth';

  import Vue from 'vue';
  import { VueTelInput } from 'vue-tel-input';

  Vue.use(VueTelInput);

  export default {
    components: {
      VueTelInput,
    },
    data () {
      return {
        firstname: '',
        lastname: '',
        companyname: '',
        email: '',
        tel: '',
        terms: false
      }
    },
    methods: {
      onSubmit () {
        const formData = {
          first_name: this.firstname,
          last_name: this.lastname,
          company_name: this.lastname,
          email: this.email,
          tel: this.tel,
          terms: this.terms
        }
        this.addPuser(formData);
      },
      addPuser (fdata) {
        this.$http.post('/puser/add', {
            fdata
            //first_name:this.firstname,
            //last_name:this.lastname,
            //company_name:this.companyname,
            //email:this.email,
            //tel: this.tel
          }).then(response => {
              console.log(response);
           }, error => {
             console.error(error);
          });
      }
    } // end of methods
  }
</script>

<style scoped>
    ....
</style>

执行Go语言Web服务器:

(base) marco@pc01:~/webMatters/vueMatters/GraspGlobalChances/goServer$ go run server-   
gorillamux.go

以及编译并运行Vue.js前端

完成 编译成功,耗时1960毫秒 下午4:37:20

应用程序运行于:

请注意,开发版本未进行优化。 要创建生产版本,请运行 npm run build。

GolangWebServerVuejsExchangeData-01

如何在Go语言Web服务器和Vue.js前端之间正确交换数据? 期待您的帮助。


更多关于Golang Web服务器与Vue.js前端如何进行数据交互?的实战教程也可以访问 https://www.itying.com/category-94-b0.html

1 回复

更多关于Golang Web服务器与Vue.js前端如何进行数据交互?的实战系列教程也可以访问 https://www.itying.com/category-94-b0.html


在Go语言Web服务器和Vue.js前端之间进行数据交互,主要涉及以下几个方面:

1. 修复Go结构体字段导出问题

你的Puser结构体字段需要首字母大写才能被JSON包正确编码/解码:

type Puser struct {
    FirstName   string `json:"first_name"`
    LastName    string `json:"last_name"`
    CompanyName string `json:"company_name"`
    Email       string `json:"email"`
    Tel         string `json:"tel"`
}

2. 添加CORS支持

由于前端运行在localhost:8080,后端运行在192.168.1.7:3000,需要处理跨域请求:

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "github.com/gorilla/mux"
    "github.com/gorilla/handlers"
    "log"
    "net/http"
)

// ... 其他代码保持不变 ...

func main() {
    muxRouter := mux.NewRouter().StrictSlash(true)
    router := AddRoutes(muxRouter)
    
    // 添加CORS中间件
    headersOk := handlers.AllowedHeaders([]string{"X-Requested-With", "Content-Type", "Authorization"})
    originsOk := handlers.AllowedOrigins([]string{"http://localhost:8080", "http://ggc.world"})
    methodsOk := handlers.AllowedMethods([]string{"GET", "HEAD", "POST", "PUT", "OPTIONS"})
    
    // 移除静态文件服务,Vue有自己的开发服务器
    // router.PathPrefix("/").Handler(http.FileServer(http.Dir("../src/components/auth/Forms.vue")))
    
    err := http.ListenAndServe(CONN_HOST+":"+CONN_PORT, handlers.CORS(originsOk, headersOk, methodsOk)(router))
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal("error starting http server :: ", err)
        return
    }
}

3. 修复Vue.js中的HTTP请求

在Vue组件中,需要正确配置HTTP客户端并发送正确的JSON数据:

<script>
import axios from 'axios';

export default {
    data() {
        return {
            firstname: '',
            lastname: '',
            companyname: '',
            email: '',
            tel: '',
            terms: false
        }
    },
    created() {
        // 配置axios基础URL
        axios.defaults.baseURL = 'http://192.168.1.7:3000';
    },
    methods: {
        onSubmit() {
            const formData = {
                first_name: this.firstname,
                last_name: this.lastname,
                company_name: this.companyname,  // 修复:应该是companyname而不是lastname
                email: this.email,
                tel: this.tel
            }
            this.addPuser(formData);
        },
        async addPuser(formData) {
            try {
                const response = await axios.post('/puser/add', formData, {
                    headers: {
                        'Content-Type': 'application/json'
                    }
                });
                console.log('Response:', response.data);
                
                // 获取更新后的用户列表
                const usersResponse = await axios.get('/pusers');
                console.log('Updated users:', usersResponse.data);
                
            } catch (error) {
                console.error('Error:', error.response ? error.response.data : error.message);
            }
        },
        // 添加获取用户列表的方法
        async getPusers() {
            try {
                const response = await axios.get('/pusers');
                console.log('Users:', response.data);
                return response.data;
            } catch (error) {
                console.error('Error fetching users:', error);
                return [];
            }
        }
    },
    mounted() {
        // 组件加载时获取用户列表
        this.getPusers();
    }
}
</script>

4. 完整的Go服务器示例

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "github.com/gorilla/mux"
    "github.com/gorilla/handlers"
    "log"
    "net/http"
)

const (
    CONN_HOST = "192.168.1.7"
    CONN_PORT = "3000"
)

type Puser struct {
    FirstName   string `json:"first_name"`
    LastName    string `json:"last_name"`
    CompanyName string `json:"company_name"`
    Email       string `json:"email"`
    Tel         string `json:"tel"`
}

var pusers = []Puser{
    {FirstName: "John", LastName: "Doe", CompanyName: "Example Corp", Email: "john@example.com", Tel: "1234567890"},
}

func getPusers(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(pusers)
}

func addPuser(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    
    var puser Puser
    err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&puser)
    if err != nil {
        http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)
        return
    }
    
    log.Printf("Adding user: %s %s", puser.FirstName, puser.LastName)
    pusers = append(pusers, puser)
    
    json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(pusers)
}

func main() {
    router := mux.NewRouter()
    
    // API路由
    router.HandleFunc("/pusers", getPusers).Methods("GET")
    router.HandleFunc("/puser/add", addPuser).Methods("POST")
    
    // CORS配置
    cors := handlers.CORS(
        handlers.AllowedOrigins([]string{"http://localhost:8080", "http://ggc.world"}),
        handlers.AllowedMethods([]string{"GET", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE", "OPTIONS"}),
        handlers.AllowedHeaders([]string{"Content-Type", "Authorization"}),
    )
    
    log.Printf("Server starting on %s:%s", CONN_HOST, CONN_PORT)
    log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(CONN_HOST+":"+CONN_PORT, cors(router)))
}

5. 测试数据交互

使用curl测试API端点:

# 获取用户列表
curl http://192.168.1.7:3000/pusers

# 添加新用户
curl -X POST http://192.168.1.7:3000/puser/add \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"first_name":"Jane","last_name":"Smith","company_name":"Test Inc","email":"jane@test.com","tel":"0987654321"}'

这样配置后,Vue.js前端可以通过axios库与Go Web服务器进行完整的数据交互,包括获取用户列表和添加新用户。

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