Golang从文本文件读取行到结构体切片的方法
Golang从文本文件读取行到结构体切片的方法 大家好，各位Gopher。
我正在尝试将包含名和姓的一些文本读入一个名为Name的结构体中，该结构体包含名和姓字段。
我有点卡住了。首先，为了让文本文件中的字符串分别被识别为firstName和lastName，我应该使用strings.split(" ")吗？如果我这样做，这基本上会将所有代码行变成多个切片，从而使处理Name的切片变得更加困难，而我不希望这样。以下是我目前的代码：
// Write a program which reads information from a file and represents it in a slice of structs.
// Assume that there is a text file which contains a series of names. Each line of the text file has
// a first name and a last name, in that order, separated by a single space on the line.
// Your program will define a name struct which has two fields, fname for the first name, and lname for
// the last name. Each field will be a string of size 20 (characters).
// Your program should prompt the user for the name of the text file. Your program will successively read
// each line of the text file and create a struct which contains the first and last names found in the file.
// Each struct created will be added to a slice, and after all lines have been read from the file,
// your program will have a slice containing one struct for each line in the file. After reading all
// lines from the file, your program should iterate through your slice of structs and print the first and
// last names found in each struct. Submit your source code for the program, “read.go”.
package main
import (
"bufio"
"fmt"
"log"
"os"
"strings"
)
//Name Struct
type Name struct {
fname string
lname string
}
func main() {
inputReader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
names := make([]Name, 0, 3)
fmt.Println("Welcome! Please enter the name of the text file:")
fileName, err := inputReader.ReadString('\n')
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fileName = strings.Trim(fileName, "\n")
file, err := os.Open(fileName)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer file.Close()
scanner := bufio.NewScanner(file)
for scanner.Scan() {
s := strings.Split(scanner.Text(), " ")
var aName Name
aName.fname, aName.lname = s[0], s[1]
names = append(names, aName)
}
for _, v := range names {
fmt.Println(v)
}
}
先谢谢了！
更多关于Golang从文本文件读取行到结构体切片的方法的实战教程也可以访问 https://www.itying.com/category-94-b0.html
4 回复
我忘了提，我遇到了以下错误："panic: runtime error: index out of range
goroutine 1"
我认为这与我使用 for scanner.Scan() 的 for 循环有关。谢谢！
更多关于Golang从文本文件读取行到结构体切片的方法的实战系列教程也可以访问 https://www.itying.com/category-94-b0.html
scanner.Scan() 是用于前进到下一行的函数。你现在每个循环调用了它两次。
对于之前的 panic 错误，在尝试访问 Split() 返回的切片中的元素之前，请先检查其长度。
嗯，我没有使用 bufio 来读取文件名……而是使用了 fmt.Scan，并且没有使用 if !scanner.Scan，结果它就能正常工作了……
现在它能显示文件中的所有名字了。
package main
import "fmt"
import "os"
import "strings"
import "bufio"
type Name struct {
fname string
lname string
}
func main() {
slice := make([]Name, 0, 3)
fmt.Println("Enter file name (same directory):")
var fileName string
fmt.Scan(&fileName)
file, e := os.Open(fileName)
if e != nil {
fmt.Println("Error is = ",e)
}
scanner := bufio.NewScanner(file)
for scanner.Scan() {
s := strings.Split(scanner.Text(), " ")
var namee Name
namee.fname, namee.lname = s[0], s[1]
slice = append(slice, namee)
}
file.Close()
fmt.Println("\n********************\n")
for _, v := range slice {
fmt.Println(v.fname, v.lname)
}
}
