Golang微服务快速开发指南

在Golang中快速开发微服务，结合Kubernetes部署，通常涉及以下关键步骤：

1. 使用轻量级Web框架（如Gin）创建REST API服务：

package main

import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()
    r.GET("/health", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.JSON(200, gin.H{"status": "healthy"})
    })
    r.GET("/api/users/:id", getUserHandler)
    r.Run(":8080")
}

func getUserHandler(c *gin.Context) {
    id := c.Param("id")
    c.JSON(200, gin.H{"user": id})
}

2. 容器化应用（Dockerfile示例）：

FROM golang:1.19-alpine AS builder
WORKDIR /app
COPY go.mod go.sum ./
RUN go mod download
COPY . .
RUN go build -o main .

FROM alpine:latest
COPY --from=builder /app/main .
EXPOSE 8080
CMD ["./main"]

3. Kubernetes部署配置（deployment.yaml）：

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: go-microservice
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: go-microservice
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: go-microservice
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: main
        image: your-registry/go-microservice:latest
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /health
            port: 8080

4. 服务发现配置（service.yaml）：

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: go-microservice
spec:
  selector:
    app: go-microservice
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 8080

5. 使用Kubernetes客户端进行服务间通信：

import "k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes"

func getServiceEndpoint() {
    config, _ := rest.InClusterConfig()
    clientset, _ := kubernetes.NewForConfig(config)
    
    svc, _ := clientset.CoreV1().Services("default").Get(
        context.Background(), 
        "other-service", 
        metav1.GetOptions{}
    )
}

6. 集成Ambassador API网关的路由配置：

apiVersion: getambassador.io/v2
kind: Mapping
metadata:
  name: go-microservice-mapping
spec:
  prefix: /api/
  service: go-microservice.default
  timeout_ms: 30000

这种模式实现了快速开发、容器化部署和Kubernetes集成的完整微服务开发生命周期。