Golang结构体中any和泛型的使用指南

在Golang中处理JSON数字和字符串混合类型时，可以使用json.Number类型。以下是修改后的代码：

package main

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"strings"
)

type Number interface {
	int64 | float64
}

type SKUcard[number Number] struct {
	BarCode, SKUCode                                                              json.Number
	VendorCode, RegistrationDate, VendorName, BrandName, ContactPerson            string
	ContactNumber                                                                 any
	ItemName, ItemImage                                                           string
	NetWeight, CartoonPack, StorageTemperature, ShelfLife, ShelfPrice, KottofCost number
	SupplyType, CoveredAreas, MinimumOrderQty, ContractDate, ReturnPolicy, Notes  string
	InActive                                                                      string
}

func main() {
	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "https://script.google.com/macros/s/AKfycbzw0TKWycxeB5sx1wIefAiEHeYQt2mVuM-NAZTccxedhyntdv8FvcUteOZ2k03wRHGE/exec?", nil)

	q := req.URL.Query()
	q.Add("barcode", "6287029390129")
	req.URL.RawQuery = q.Encode()

	resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalln(err)
	}

	var target = new(SKUcard[float64])
	err = json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(target)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("err:", err)
	}

	// 获取字符串形式的条码
	barcodeStr := target.BarCode.String()
	fmt.Println("Barcode as string:", barcodeStr)
	
	// 如果需要去除科学计数法格式
	if strings.Contains(barcodeStr, "e+") {
		// 转换为float64再格式化为字符串
		if f, err := target.BarCode.Float64(); err == nil {
			fmt.Printf("Barcode formatted: %.0f\n", f)
		}
	}
	
	// 也可以直接使用Int64
	if intVal, err := target.BarCode.Int64(); err == nil {
		fmt.Printf("Barcode as int64: %d\n", intVal)
	}
}

或者，如果需要更灵活的处理，可以自定义JSON unmarshal：

package main

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"strconv"
)

type Number interface {
	int64 | float64
}

type FlexibleString string

func (fs *FlexibleString) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
	var v interface{}
	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	
	switch val := v.(type) {
	case string:
		*fs = FlexibleString(val)
	case float64:
		*fs = FlexibleString(strconv.FormatFloat(val, 'f', -1, 64))
	case int64:
		*fs = FlexibleString(strconv.FormatInt(val, 10))
	case int:
		*fs = FlexibleString(strconv.Itoa(val))
	default:
		*fs = FlexibleString(fmt.Sprintf("%v", val))
	}
	return nil
}

type SKUcard[number Number] struct {
	BarCode, SKUCode                                                              FlexibleString
	VendorCode, RegistrationDate, VendorName, BrandName, ContactPerson            string
	ContactNumber                                                                 any
	ItemName, ItemImage                                                           string
	NetWeight, CartoonPack, StorageTemperature, ShelfLife, ShelfPrice, KottofCost number
	SupplyType, CoveredAreas, MinimumOrderQty, ContractDate, ReturnPolicy, Notes  string
	InActive                                                                      string
}

func main() {
	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "https://script.google.com/macros/s/AKfycbzw0TKWycxeB5sx1wIefAiEHeYQt2mVuM-NAZTccxedhyntdv8FvcUteOZ2k03wRHGE/exec?", nil)

	q := req.URL.Query()
	q.Add("barcode", "6287029390129")
	req.URL.RawQuery = q.Encode()

	resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalln(err)
	}

	var target = new(SKUcard[float64])
	err = json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(target)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("err:", err)
	}

	fmt.Println("Barcode:", string(target.BarCode))
	fmt.Println("Type: string")
}

对于泛型结构体中的any字段，如果需要类型安全，可以定义具体的类型约束：

package main

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"net/http"
)

type Number interface {
	int64 | float64
}

type ContactType interface {
	string | int64 | float64
}

type SKUcard[number Number, contact ContactType] struct {
	BarCode, SKUCode                                                              json.Number
	VendorCode, RegistrationDate, VendorName, BrandName, ContactPerson            string
	ContactNumber                                                                 contact
	ItemName, ItemImage                                                           string
	NetWeight, CartoonPack, StorageTemperature, ShelfLife, ShelfPrice, KottofCost number
	SupplyType, CoveredAreas, MinimumOrderQty, ContractDate, ReturnPolicy, Notes  string
	InActive                                                                      string
}

func main() {
	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "https://script.google.com/macros/s/AKfycbzw0TKWycxeB5sx1wIefAiEHeYQt2mVuM-NAZTccxedhyntdv8FvcUteOZ2k03wRHGE/exec?", nil)

	q := req.URL.Query()
	q.Add("barcode", "6287029390129")
	req.URL.RawQuery = q.Encode()

	resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalln(err)
	}

	// 根据实际情况选择类型
	var target = new(SKUcard[float64, string])
	err = json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(target)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("err:", err)
	}

	fmt.Println("Barcode:", target.BarCode.String())
	fmt.Println("ContactNumber:", target.ContactNumber)
}