用 Python 和 Django 实现一个更实用的博客系统，让写作更简单、更愉快

我理解你想用Django构建一个更实用的博客系统。这里给你一个核心实现方案，包含文章管理、Markdown支持和简单的分类功能。

首先创建Django项目和应用：

django-admin startproject blog_project
cd blog_project
python manage.py startapp blog

models.py - 核心数据模型：

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.utils import timezone
import markdown

class Category(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    slug = models.SlugField(unique=True)
    
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Post(models.Model):
    STATUS_CHOICES = (
        ('draft', '草稿'),
        ('published', '已发布'),
    )
    
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    slug = models.SlugField(unique_for_date='publish_date')
    author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    content = models.TextField()
    content_html = models.TextField(editable=False)  # 存储转换后的HTML
    excerpt = models.CharField(max_length=300, blank=True)
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True)
    status = models.CharField(max_length=10, choices=STATUS_CHOICES, default='draft')
    publish_date = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
    
    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # 自动将Markdown转换为HTML
        self.content_html = markdown.markdown(
            self.content,
            extensions=['extra', 'codehilite']
        )
        super().save(*args, **kwargs)
    
    def __str__(self):
        return self.title
    
    class Meta:
        ordering = ['-publish_date']

admin.py - 后台管理配置：

from django.contrib import admin
from .models import Category, Post

@admin.register(Category)
class CategoryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ['name', 'slug']
    prepopulated_fields = {'slug': ('name',)}

@admin.register(Post)
class PostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ['title', 'author', 'status', 'publish_date', 'category']
    list_filter = ['status', 'publish_date', 'category']
    search_fields = ['title', 'content']
    prepopulated_fields = {'slug': ('title',)}
    date_hierarchy = 'publish_date'
    ordering = ['status', '-publish_date']

views.py - 视图函数：

from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404
from django.views.generic import ListView, DetailView
from .models import Post, Category

class PostListView(ListView):
    model = Post
    template_name = 'blog/post_list.html'
    context_object_name = 'posts'
    paginate_by = 10
    
    def get_queryset(self):
        return Post.objects.filter(status='published')

class PostDetailView(DetailView):
    model = Post
    template_name = 'blog/post_detail.html'
    context_object_name = 'post'
    
    def get_queryset(self):
        return Post.objects.filter(status='published')

class CategoryPostListView(ListView):
    template_name = 'blog/post_list.html'
    context_object_name = 'posts'
    paginate_by = 10
    
    def get_queryset(self):
        category = get_object_or_404(Category, slug=self.kwargs['slug'])
        return Post.objects.filter(category=category, status='published')

urls.py - URL配置：

from django.urls import path
from .views import PostListView, PostDetailView, CategoryPostListView

urlpatterns = [
    path('', PostListView.as_view(), name='post_list'),
    path('post/<slug:slug>/', PostDetailView.as_view(), name='post_detail'),
    path('category/<slug:slug>/', CategoryPostListView.as_view(), name='category_posts'),
]

模板示例 (post_detail.html)：

{% extends 'base.html' %}

{% block content %}
<article class="post">
    <h1>{{ post.title }}</h1>
    <div class="meta">
        <span>作者: {{ post.author }}</span>
        <span>发布于: {{ post.publish_date|date:"Y-m-d" }}</span>
        {% if post.category %}
        <span>分类: <a href="{% url 'category_posts' post.category.slug %}">{{ post.category.name }}</a></span>
        {% endif %}
    </div>
    <div class="content">
        {{ post.content_html|safe }}
    </div>
</article>
{% endblock %}

requirements.txt：

Django>=4.0
markdown>=3.4
Pygments  # 代码高亮支持

这个实现包含了博客系统的核心功能：文章发布流程、Markdown支持、分类管理。你可以在此基础上添加标签系统、评论功能、搜索等特性。安装markdown和Pygments后，代码块会自动高亮显示。

总结：这个基础框架已经能让你愉快地写作了。

后台犀利