HarmonyOS鸿蒙Next中如何实现测验功能？随机出题和答题统计

原理解析

测验功能核心逻辑：

1. 从题库随机抽取指定数量题目
2. 每道题的选项随机打乱
3. 记录用户答案并判断对错
4. 统计正确率并保存记录

解决步骤

步骤1：定义题目接口

interface QuizQuestion {
  id: string;
  type: 'judgment' | 'scene' | 'interview';
  question: string;
  options: string[];
  correctIndex: number;
  explanation: string;
  sourceId: string;
}

interface QuizRecord {
  id: string;
  mode: string;
  total: number;
  correct: number;
  wrongIds: string[];
  duration: number;
  score: number;
  finishedAt: number;
}

步骤2：实现随机出题

generateRandomQuestions(count: number): QuizQuestion[] {
  const allQuestions: QuizQuestion[] = [];

  // 从不同题库生成题目
  JudgmentList.forEach(j => {
    allQuestions.push(this.createJudgmentQuestion(j));
  });
  SceneList.forEach(s => {
    allQuestions.push(this.createSceneQuestion(s));
  });

  // 随机打乱并取指定数量
  this.shuffleArray(allQuestions);
  return allQuestions.slice(0, count);
}

// 数组随机打乱（Fisher-Yates算法）
shuffleArray<T>(array: T[]): void {
  for (let i = array.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
    const j = Math.floor(Math.random() * (i + 1));
    const temp: T = array[i];
    array[i] = array[j];
    array[j] = temp;
  }
}

步骤3：创建题目（选项随机排列）

createJudgmentQuestion(j: InsiderJudgment): QuizQuestion {
  const correctAnswer = j.insiderLogic;
  const wrongAnswers = [j.outsiderReaction, '直接更换设备', '按说明书操作'];
  
  // 随机确定正确答案位置
  const correctIndex = Math.floor(Math.random() * 4);
  const options: string[] = [];
  let wrongIdx = 0;
  
  for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    if (i === correctIndex) {
      options.push(correctAnswer);
    } else {
      options.push(wrongAnswers[wrongIdx++]);
    }
  }
  
  return {
    id: `q_${j.id}`,
    type: 'judgment',
    question: `关于"${j.title}"，以下哪个说法是正确的？`,
    options: options,
    correctIndex: correctIndex,
    explanation: `正确答案：${j.insiderLogic}`,
    sourceId: j.id
  };
}

步骤4：答题和统计

@State currentIndex: number = 0;
@State selectedIndex: number = -1;
@State isAnswered: boolean = false;
@State correctCount: number = 0;
@State wrongIds: string[] = [];

confirmAnswer(): void {
  if (this.selectedIndex === -1) return;
  this.isAnswered = true;
  
  const currentQuestion = this.questions[this.currentIndex];
  if (this.selectedIndex === currentQuestion.correctIndex) {
    this.correctCount++;
  } else {
    this.wrongIds.push(currentQuestion.sourceId);
  }
}

async finishQuiz(): Promise<void> {
  const score = Math.round((this.correctCount / this.questions.length) * 100);
  
  // 保存测验记录
  const record: QuizRecord = {
    id: `quiz_${Date.now()}`,
    mode: this.quizMode,
    total: this.questions.length,
    correct: this.correctCount,
    wrongIds: this.wrongIds,
    duration: Math.round((Date.now() - this.startTime) / 1000),
    score: score,
    finishedAt: Date.now()
  };
  await saveQuizRecord(record);
}

效果图

选择测验模式 → 随机生成题目 → 逐题作答 → 显示对错和解析 → 完成后显示成绩统计