HarmonyOS鸿蒙Next中如何将开发的app作为分享打开方式
HarmonyOS鸿蒙Next中如何将开发的app作为分享打开方式 最近开发了一个app，为了方便使用，想将开发的app接入到分享方式中，但读到文档时，发现是不是只支持企业app。
developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-guides/share-sec-panel
更多关于HarmonyOS鸿蒙Next中如何将开发的app作为分享打开方式的实战教程也可以访问 https://www.itying.com/category-93-b0.html
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import { SHARE_RECEIVE_UTIL } from '../utils/ShareReceiveUtil';
import { common, Want } from '@kit.AbilityKit';
import { window } from '@kit.ArkUI';
import { windowUtils } from '../utils/windowUtils';
const TAG: string = 'ImageReceiverPage';
@Entry
@ComponentV2
struct ImageReceivePage {
@Local videoUris: string[] = [];
@Local imageUris: string[] = [];
@Local isLoading: boolean = true;
@Local errorMsg: string = '';
@Local wantJson: string = '';
@Local flag: boolean = false;
private context: common.UIAbilityContext = this.getUIContext().getHostContext() as common.UIAbilityContext;
private storageProcess = this.getUIContext().getSharedLocalStorage();
aboutToAppear() {
console.warn(TAG, ' 组件即将出现（aboutToAppear）');
this.storageProcess = this.getUIContext().getSharedLocalStorage();
}
aboutToDisappear() {
console.warn(TAG, ' 组件即将销毁（aboutToDisappear）');
SHARE_RECEIVE_UTIL.resetReceiveStatus();
this.storageProcess?.delete('Want');
}
onPageHide() {
console.warn(TAG, ' 页面已隐藏（onPageHide）');
windowUtils.setWindowPrivacyModeInPage(this.context, false);
}
async onPageShow() {
console.info(TAG, ' 页面显示（onPageShow）- 开始处理分享数据');
windowUtils.setWindowPrivacyModeInPage(this.context, true);
let windowStage = AppStorage.get('windowStage') as window.WindowStage;
windowStage.on('windowStageEvent', (data) => {
if (data === window.WindowStageEventType.PAUSED) {
this.flag = true;
} else {
this.flag = false;
}
});
this.resetPageState();
try {
let want = this.storageProcess?.get('Want') as Want;
if (!want) {
this.errorMsg = '未检测到分享数据（Want为空）';
console.warn(TAG, ' 未获取到Want对象');
this.isLoading = false;
return;
}
this.wantJson = JSON.stringify(want, null, 2);
console.warn(TAG, ` 开始解析分享数据，Want: ${JSON.stringify(want)}`);
await SHARE_RECEIVE_UTIL.getSharedData(want)
this.storageProcess?.delete('Want');
if (SHARE_RECEIVE_UTIL.checkReceiveStatus()) {
this.imageUris = SHARE_RECEIVE_UTIL.getImageUris();
this.videoUris = SHARE_RECEIVE_UTIL.getVideoUris();
const stats = SHARE_RECEIVE_UTIL.getStatistics();
console.warn(TAG,
`解析成功 - 图片:${stats.imageCount}张, 视频:${stats.videoCount}个, 总计:${stats.total}个文件`);
console.warn(TAG, `成功获取图片URI列表: ${JSON.stringify(this.imageUris)}`);
console.warn(TAG, `成功获取视频URI列表: ${JSON.stringify(this.videoUris)}`);
if (this.imageUris.length === 0 && this.videoUris.length === 0) {
this.errorMsg = '解析到分享数据，但未获取到有效文件（格式不支持）';
}
} else {
this.errorMsg = '未获取到支持的图片或视频（格式不支持或无有效URI）';
console.warn(TAG, ' 未检测到有效图片或视频');
}
} catch (err) {
this.errorMsg = `处理失败：${err.message}`;
} finally {
this.isLoading = false;
SHARE_RECEIVE_UTIL.resetReceiveStatus();
}
}
@Builder
VideoItem(uri: string, index: number) {
Column() {
Row() {
Text(`视频 ${index + 1}`)
.fontSize(14)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.fontColor(' 333333')
Blank()
Text(this.getFileName(uri))
.fontSize(12)
.fontColor('#999999')
.maxLines(1)
.textOverflow({ overflow: TextOverflow.Ellipsis })
}
.width('90%')
.margin({ top: 10, bottom: 5 });
Video({
src: uri,
controller: new VideoController()
})
.width('90%')
.height(200)
.objectFit(ImageFit.Contain)
.borderRadius(12)
.backgroundColor('#000000')
.controls(true)
.autoPlay(false)
.margin({ bottom: 5 })
.onError((error) => {
console.error(TAG, ` 视频加载失败，URI: ${uri}，错误: ${JSON.stringify(error)}`);
})
.onStart(() => {
console.info(TAG, ` 视频开始播放: ${uri}`);
});
Text(uri)
.fontSize(10)
.maxLines(2)
.fontColor('#CCCCCC')
.textOverflow({ overflow: TextOverflow.Ellipsis })
.width('90%')
.padding({ bottom: 15 });
}
.width('100%')
.alignItems(HorizontalAlign.Center);
}
@Builder
ImageItem(uri: string, index: number) {
Column() {
Row() {
Text(`图片 ${index + 1}`)
.fontSize(14)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.fontColor(' 333333')
Blank()
Text(this.getFileName(uri))
.fontSize(12)
.fontColor('#999999')
.maxLines(1)
.textOverflow({ overflow: TextOverflow.Ellipsis })
}
.width('90%')
.margin({ top: 10, bottom: 5 });
Image(uri)
.width('90%')
.height(200)
.objectFit(ImageFit.Contain)
.borderRadius(12)
.backgroundColor('#F5F5F5')
.margin({ bottom: 5 })
.onError((error) => {
console.error(TAG, ` 图片加载失败，URI: ${uri}，错误: ${JSON.stringify(error)}`);
this.errorMsg = `图片 ${index + 1} 加载失败`;
})
.onClick(() => {
console.info(TAG, ` 点击图片: ${uri}`);
});
Text(uri)
.fontSize(10)
.fontColor('#CCCCCC')
.maxLines(2)
.textOverflow({ overflow: TextOverflow.Ellipsis })
.width('90%')
.padding({ bottom: 15 });
}
.width('100%')
.alignItems(HorizontalAlign.Center);
}
build() {
Column() {
Row() {
Text('接收的图片和视频')
.fontSize(18)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.fontColor('#333333')
}
.alignItems(VerticalAlign.Top)
.justifyContent(FlexAlign.Center)
.width('100%')
.height(100)
.backgroundColor('#F8F8F8')
.borderRadius({ bottomLeft: 16, bottomRight: 16 })
.expandSafeArea([SafeAreaType.SYSTEM], [SafeAreaEdge.TOP,])
Scroll() {
Column() {
if ((this.imageUris.length > 0 || this.videoUris.length > 0) && !this.isLoading) {
Row() {
Text('提示：若文件无法显示，请检查应用是否有"读取图片和视频"权限')
.fontSize(12)
.fontColor('#FF9900')
.layoutWeight(1)
}
.width('90%')
.padding(12)
.backgroundColor(' FFF8E6')
.borderRadius(8)
.margin({ top: 15, bottom: 10 });
}
if (this.isLoading) {
Column() {
LoadingProgress()
.color('#007DFF')
.width(48)
.height(48)
Text('正在处理分享文件...')
.fontSize(14)
.fontColor('#666666')
.margin({ top: 16 });
}
.width('100%')
.margin({ top: 100 })
.justifyContent(FlexAlign.Center);
}
if (this.wantJson && !this.isLoading) {
Column() {
Text('调试信息（Want对象）')
.fontSize(14)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.fontColor('#666666')
.margin({ top: 15, bottom: 8 })
.alignSelf(ItemAlign.Start)
.padding({ left: '5%' });
Scroll() {
Text(this.wantJson)
.fontSize(11)
.fontColor('#999999')
.fontFamily('monospace')
.padding(12)
.backgroundColor('#F9F9F9')
.borderRadius(8)
.width('90%');
}
.height(200)
.width('100%')
.scrollable(ScrollDirection.Vertical)
.scrollBar(BarState.Auto)
.margin({ bottom: 15 });
}
.justifyContent(FlexAlign.Start)
.width('100%');
}
if (this.errorMsg && !this.isLoading) {
Row() {
Image($r('sys.media.ohos_ic_public_fail'))
.width(20)
.height(20)
.margin({ right: 8 })
.fillColor('#FF4D4F')
Text(this.errorMsg)
.fontSize(14)
.fontColor('#FF4D4F')
.layoutWeight(1)
}
.width('90%')
.padding(16)
.backgroundColor('#FFF1F0')
.borderRadius(8)
.margin({ top: 15 });
}
if (this.imageUris.length > 0 && !this.isLoading) {
Row() {
Text(`共收到 ${this.imageUris.length} 张图片`)
.fontSize(16)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.fontColor('#333333')
}
.width('90%')
.margin({ top: 20, bottom: 10 })
.justifyContent(FlexAlign.Start);
ForEach(this.imageUris, (uri: string, index: number) => {
this.ImageItem(uri, index);
}, (uri: string) => uri);
}
if (this.videoUris.length > 0 && !this.isLoading) {
Row() {
Text(`共收到 ${this.videoUris.length} 个视频`)
.fontSize(16)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.fontColor('#333333')
}
.width('90%')
.margin({ top: 20, bottom: 10 })
.justifyContent(FlexAlign.Start);
ForEach(this.videoUris, (uri: string, index: number) => {
this.VideoItem(uri, index);
}, (uri: string) => uri);
}
}
.width('100%');
}
.width('100%')
.layoutWeight(1)
.scrollBar(BarState.Auto)
.edgeEffect(EdgeEffect.Spring);
}
.width('100%')
.height('100%')
.backgroundColor('#FFFFFF')
.foregroundBlurStyle(
this.flag ? BlurStyle.Thin : BlurStyle.NONE,
{
colorMode: ThemeColorMode.SYSTEM,
adaptiveColor: AdaptiveColor.DEFAULT,
}
);
}
private getFileName(uri: string): string {
const uriWithoutParams = uri.split('?')[0];
return uriWithoutParams.split('/').pop() || '未知文件';
}
private resetPageState() {
this.imageUris = [];
this.videoUris = [];
this.isLoading = true;
this.errorMsg = '';
this.wantJson = '';
}
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import Want from '@ohos.app.ability.Want';
import { systemShare } from '@kit.ShareKit';
const TAG: string = 'ImageReceiverPage';
const SUPPORT_IMAGE_FORMATS = [
'png', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'bmp', 'svg', 'webp', 'gif',
'heif', 'heic', 'ico', 'tiff', 'tif', 'raw', 'dng'
];
const SUPPORT_VIDEO_FORMATS = [
'mp4', 'mov', 'avi', 'mkv', 'flv', 'wmv', 'webm',
'm4v', '3gp', 'mpeg', 'mpg', 'ts', 'vob', 'rm', 'rmvb'
];
interface ShareMediaStats {
imageCount: number;
videoCount: number;
total: number;
}
class ShareReceiveUtil {
uiContext: UIContext | undefined = AppStorage.get('currentUIContext');
private hasShareReceive: boolean = false;
private imageUris: string[] = [];
private videoUris: string[] = [];
constructor() {
console.warn(TAG, ' 工具类实例化');
}
checkReceiveStatus(): boolean {
return this.hasShareReceive;
}
resetReceiveStatus() {
console.warn(TAG, ' 重置接收状态');
this.hasShareReceive = false;
this.imageUris = [];
this.videoUris = [];
}
async getSharedData(want: Want): Promise<void> {
try {
console.warn(TAG, '开始解析分享数据');
let shareData = await systemShare.getSharedData(want)
let records = shareData.getRecords()
console.warn(TAG, `共收到 ${records.length} 条分享记录`);
if (records.length > 0) {
records.forEach((record: systemShare.SharedRecord, index: number) => {
console.warn(TAG, `解析第 ${index + 1} 条记录`);
this.parseRecord(record);
});
this.hasShareReceive = this.imageUris.length > 0 || this.videoUris.length > 0;
console.warn(TAG, `解析完成 - 图片:${this.imageUris.length}张, 视频:${this.videoUris.length}个`);
} else {
console.warn(TAG, '未收到任何分享记录');
this.hasShareReceive = false
}
} catch (error) {
this.hasShareReceive = false;
console.error(TAG, `获取共享数据失败. Code: ${error.code}, message: ${error.message}`);
console.error(TAG, `详细错误: ${JSON.stringify(error)}`);
}
}
getImageUris(): string[] {
return [...this.imageUris];
}
getVideoUris(): string[] {
return [...this.videoUris];
}
getAllUris(): string[] {
return [...this.imageUris, ...this.videoUris];
}
getStatistics(): ShareMediaStats {
return {
imageCount: this.imageUris.length,
videoCount: this.videoUris.length,
total: this.imageUris.length + this.videoUris.length
};
}
private parseRecord(record: systemShare.SharedRecord) {
if (!record.uri) {
console.warn(TAG, ' 记录的URI为空，跳过');
this.uiContext?.getPromptAction().showToast({ message: '文件URI不存在' });
return;
}
console.warn(TAG, `解析URI: ${record.uri}`);
const uriWithoutParams = record.uri.split('?')[0];
const ext = uriWithoutParams.split('.').pop()?.toLowerCase() || '';
console.warn(TAG, `提取的扩展名: ${ext}`);
if (SUPPORT_IMAGE_FORMATS.includes(ext)) {
this.imageUris.push(record.uri);
console.warn(TAG, ` 识别为图片 (${ext})，已添加到图片列表`);
return;
}
if (SUPPORT_VIDEO_FORMATS.includes(ext)) {
this.videoUris.push(record.uri);
console.warn(TAG, `识别为视频 (${ext})，已添加到视频列表`);
return;
}
this.uiContext?.getPromptAction().showToast({ message: `不支持的文件格式：${ext}` });
}
}
export const SHARE_RECEIVE_UTIL = new ShareReceiveUtil();
//-----------------------------------------------------------
// windowUtils.ets
import window from '@ohos.window';
import common from '@ohos.app.ability.common';
export class windowUtils {
static setWindowPrivacyModeInPage(context: common.UIAbilityContext, isFlag: boolean) {
window.getLastWindow(context).then((lastWindow) => {
lastWindow.setWindowPrivacyMode(isFlag);
})
}
}
//------------------------------------------------------
module.json5
{
"actions": [
"ohos.want.action.viewData",
"ohos.want.action.sendData"
],
"uris": [
{
"scheme": "file",
"utd": "general.image",
"maxFileSupported": 9
},
{
"scheme": "file",
"utd": "general.video",
"maxFileSupported": 9
},
{
"scheme": "file",
"utd": "com.adobe.pdf",
"maxFileSupported": 9
},
{
"scheme": "file",
"utd": "general.object",
"maxFileSupported": 9
}
]
}
更多关于HarmonyOS鸿蒙Next中如何将开发的app作为分享打开方式的实战系列教程也可以访问 https://www.itying.com/category-93-b0.html
在鸿蒙Next中，将应用注册为分享目标需配置 module.json5 的 abilities 节点：
- 添加
skills，设置actions为"ohos.want.action.sendData" - 通过
uris指定支持的MIME类型（如"text/plain"） - 在对应UIAbility中重写
onNewWant(want)方法获取分享数据，通过want.parameters解析内容。
无需修改配置文件外其他代码。
HarmonyOS Next 当前系统的“分享打开方式”（即在其他应用点击分享后出现在分享面板中）尚未对所有开发者开放。该能力（对应 Share Panel 的接收方注册）仅面向通过官方合作的企业应用，普通个人或企业开发者暂时无法将自己的 App 注册为系统级分享目标。
开发者目前可以使用 Share Kit 主动发起分享，但要让自己的 App 作为接收方出现在“分享方式”列表，需要系统级优先注册，个人开发阶段无法实现。
若只是需要从其他 App 接收特定类型数据，可通过注册 skills 的 uri 跳转能力实现应用间传递，但这并非“出现在系统分享面板”的体验。
