Flutter Solana钱包管理插件 solana_wallet_provider 的使用

概述

solana_wallet_provider 是一个用于在Flutter应用中集成Solana钱包管理功能的插件。它提供了对 solana_web3 和 solana_wallet_adapter 的访问，并创建了围绕 Mobile Wallet Adapter Specification 方法调用的UI包装器。

示例图示

示例应用

查看完整示例应用

API

以下是该插件提供的主要API方法：

• connect - 授权应用程序与可用的钱包或呈现下载选项列表。
• disconnect - 显示授权账户和断开连接按钮以取消应用程序的授权。
• signTransactions - 使用授权账户签署交易。
• signAndSendTransactions - 使用授权账户签署交易，然后将它们广播到网络。
• signMessages - 使用授权账户签署消息。

便利小部件

• SolanaWalletButton - 一个切换应用程序与钱包授权状态的按钮小部件。

Dapp身份验证

钱包端点将使用您的 AppIdentity 信息来决定是否信任您的dapp。

AppIdentity(
    uri: Uri.parse('https://<YOUR_DOMAIN>'),
    icon: Uri.parse('favicon.png'),
    name: '<APP_NAME>'
)

Android设置

1. 获取您的应用程序ID。

   // FILE: /android/app/build.gradle
   defaultConfig {
       applicationId "<APPLICATION_ID>"
   }
   

2. 生成应用程序的sha256指纹。

   $ cd android
   $ ./gradlew app:signingReport
   
   // Output:
   //  ...
   //  SHA-256: <SHA256_FINGERPRINT>
   //  ...
   

3. 托管包含以下内容的数字资产链接文件：

   // GET: https:://<YOUR_DOMAIN>/.well-known/assetlinks.json
   [{
       "relation": ["delegate_permission/common.handle_all_urls"],
       "target": { 
           "namespace": "android_app", 
           "package_name": "<APPLICATION_ID>",
           "sha256_cert_fingerprints": ["<SHA256_FINGERPRINT>"]
       }
   }]
   

主题定制

添加 SolanaWalletThemeExtension 作为 ThemeData 的扩展以自定义提供者的外观。

ThemeData(
    extensions: const [
        SolanaWalletThemeExtension(
            cardTheme: SolanaWalletCardTheme(
                color: Colors.indigo,
            ),
        ),
    ],
);

示例：连接

下面是一个如何使用该插件授权应用程序与Solana钱包的示例：

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:solana_wallet_provider/solana_wallet_provider.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const App());
}

class App extends StatelessWidget {
  const App({super.key});
  
  [@override](/user/override)
  Widget build(final BuildContext context) {
    return SolanaWalletProvider.create(                           
      identity: const AppIdentity(),
      child: MaterialApp(
        home: Scaffold(
          body: FutureBuilder(
            future: SolanaWalletProvider.initialize(),            
            builder: ((context, snapshot) {
              final provider = SolanaWalletProvider.of(context);
              return TextButton(
                onPressed: () => provider.connect(context),
                child: const Center(
                  child: Text('Example App'),
                ),
              );
            }),
          ),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

完整示例Demo

以下是一个更完整的示例，展示了如何使用 solana_wallet_provider 插件执行多种操作，如连接、断开连接、签署交易、发送交易等：

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:solana_wallet_provider/solana_wallet_provider.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(home: ExampleApp()));
}

class ExampleApp extends StatefulWidget {
  const ExampleApp({super.key});

  [@override](/user/override)
  State<ExampleApp> createState() => _ExampleAppState();
}

class _ExampleAppState extends State<ExampleApp> {
  String? _status;

  [@override](/user/override)
  Widget build(final BuildContext context) {
    return SolanaWalletProvider.create(
      httpCluster: Cluster.devnet,
      identity: AppIdentity(
        uri: Uri.parse('https://my_dapp.com'),
        icon: Uri.parse('favicon.png'),
        name: 'My Dapp',
      ),
      child: MaterialApp(
        home: Scaffold(
          body: FutureBuilder(
            future: SolanaWalletProvider.initialize(),
            builder: (context, snapshot) {
              if (snapshot.connectionState != ConnectionState.done) {
                return const CircularProgressIndicator();
              }
              final provider = SolanaWalletProvider.of(context);

              return Column(
                mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
                children: [
                  const Text('Wallet Button'),
                  SolanaWalletButton(),

                  const Divider(),

                  const Text('Wallet Methods'),
                  Wrap(
                    spacing: 24.0,
                    children: [
                      _textButton(
                        'Connect', 
                        enabled: !provider.adapter.isAuthorized, 
                        onPressed: () => _connect(context, provider),
                      ),
                      _textButton(
                        'Disconnect', 
                        enabled: provider.adapter.isAuthorized, 
                        onPressed: () => _disconnect(context, provider),
                      ),
                      _textButton(
                        'Sign Transactions (1)', 
                        enabled: provider.adapter.isAuthorized, 
                        onPressed: () => _signTransactions(context, provider, 1),
                      ),
                      _textButton(
                        'Sign And Send Transactions (1)', 
                        enabled: provider.adapter.isAuthorized, 
                        onPressed: () => _signAndSendTransactions(context, provider, 1),
                      ),
                      _textButton(
                        'Sign Messages (1)', 
                        enabled: provider.adapter.isAuthorized, 
                        onPressed: () => _signMessages(context, provider, 1),
                      ),
                    ],
                  ),

                  const Divider(),

                  const Text('Output'),
                  Text(_status ?? '-'),
                ],
              );
            },
          ),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }

  Future<void> _connect(BuildContext context, SolanaWalletProvider provider) async {
    if (!provider.adapter.isAuthorized) {
      await provider.connect(context);
      setState(() {});
    }
  }

  Future<void> _disconnect(BuildContext context, SolanaWalletProvider provider) async {
    if (provider.adapter.isAuthorized) {
      await provider.disconnect(context);
      setState(() {});
    }
  }

  void _signTransactions(BuildContext context, SolanaWalletProvider provider, int count) async {
    try {
      setState(() => _status = "Create Sign Transactions...");
      final List<TransferData> transfers = await _createTransfers(provider.connection, provider.adapter, count: count);

      setState(() => _status = "Sign Transactions...");
      final result = await provider.signTransactions(
        context,
        transactions: transfers.map((transfer) => transfer.transaction).toList(),
      );

      setState(() => _status = "Broadcast Transactions...");
      final signatures = await provider.connection.sendSignedTransactions(result.signedPayloads, eagerError: true);

      setState(() => _status = "Confirm Transactions...");
      await _confirmTransfers(provider.connection, signatures: signatures.map((e) => base58To64Encode(e!)).toList(), transfers: transfers);
    } catch (error, stack) {
      print('Sign Transactions Error: $error');
      print('Sign Transactions Stack: $stack');
      setState(() => _status = error.toString());
    }
  }

  void _signAndSendTransactions(BuildContext context, SolanaWalletProvider provider, int count) async {
    try {
      setState(() => _status = "Create Sign And Send Transactions...");
      final List<TransferData> transfers = await _createTransfers(provider.connection, provider.adapter, count: count);

      setState(() => _status = "Sign And Send Transactions...");
      final result = await provider.signAndSendTransactions(
        context,
        transactions: transfers.map((transfer) => transfer.transaction).toList(),
      );

      setState(() => _status = "Confirm Transactions...");
      await _confirmTransfers(provider.connection, signatures: result.signatures, transfers: transfers);
    } catch (error, stack) {
      print('Sign And Send Transactions Error: $error');
      print('Sign And Send Transactions Stack: $stack');
      setState(() => _status = error.toString());
    }
  }

  void _signMessages(BuildContext context, SolanaWalletProvider provider, int count) async {
    try {
      setState(() => _status = "Create Sign Messages...");
      final messages = List.generate(count, (index) => 'Sign message $index');

      setState(() => _status = "Sign Messages...");
      final result = await provider.signMessages(
        context,
        messages: messages,
        addresses: [provider.adapter.encodeAccount(provider.adapter.connectedAccount!)],
      );

      setState(() => _status = "Signed Messages ${result.signedPayloads.join('\n')}");
    } catch (error, stack) {
      print('Sign Messages Error: $error');
      print('Sign Messages Stack: $stack');
      setState(() => _status = error.toString());
    }
  }

  Future<void> _airdrop(Connection connection, Pubkey wallet) async {
    if (connection.httpCluster != Cluster.mainnet) {
      setState(() => _status = "Requesting airdrop...");
      await connection.requestAndConfirmAirdrop(wallet, solToLamports(2).toInt());
    }
  }

  Future<List<TransferData>> _createTransfers(Connection connection, SolanaWalletAdapter adapter, {required int count}) async {
    final wallet = Pubkey.tryFromBase64(adapter.connectedAccount?.address);
    if (wallet == null) throw 'Wallet not connected';

    final balance = await connection.getBalance(wallet);
    if (balance < lamportsPerSol) await _airdrop(connection, wallet);

    final latestBlockhash = await connection.getLatestBlockhash();
    final txs = [];
    for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
      final receiver = Keypair.generateSync();
      final lamports = solToLamports(0.1);
      final transaction = Transaction.v0(
        payer: wallet,
        recentBlockhash: latestBlockhash.blockhash,
        instructions: [
          SystemProgram.transfer(fromPubkey: wallet, toPubkey: receiver.pubkey, lamports: lamports),
        ],
      );
      txs.add(TransferData(transaction: transaction, receiver: receiver, lamports: lamports));
    }
    return txs;
  }

  Future<void> _confirmTransfers(Connection connection, {required List<String?> signatures, required List<TransferData> transfers}) async {
    await Future.wait([for (final sig in signatures) connection.confirmTransaction(base58To64Decode(sig!))], eagerError: true);

    final receiverBalances = await Future.wait([for (final transfer in transfers) connection.getBalance(transfer.receiver.pubkey)], eagerError: true);

    final results = [];
    for (int i = 0; i < receiverBalances.length; ++i) {
      final transfer = transfers[i];
      final pubkey = transfer.receiver.pubkey;
      final balance = receiverBalances[i].toBigInt();
      if (balance != transfer.lamports) throw Exception('Post transaction balance mismatch.');
      results.add("Transfer: Address $pubkey received $balance SOL");
    }

    setState(() => _status = "Success!\n\n"
        "Signatures: $signatures\n\n"
        "${results.join('\n')}"
        "\n");
  }

  TextButton _textButton(String text, {required bool enabled, required void Function() onPressed}) => TextButton(
    onPressed: enabled ? onPressed : null,
    child: Text(text),
  );
}

class TransferData {
  const TransferData({
    required this.transaction,
    required this.receiver,
    required this.lamports,
  });

  final Transaction transaction;
  final Keypair receiver;
  final BigInt lamports;
}