HarmonyOS 鸿蒙Next 多实例、多窗口的最佳实践demo

我这面写了个简版demo，参考下

// 新建 ..../..../DocumentListPage.ets

import common from '@ohos.app.ability.common'
import { Want } from '@ohos.app.ability.Want'
import router from '@ohos.router';

@Entry
@Component
struct DocumentListPage {

  private index: number = 1
  @State docs: number[] = []
  private context = this.getContext(this) as common.UIAbilityContext

  build() {
    Row() {
      Column({ space: 10 }) {

        Row({ space: 5 }){
          Image('')
            .backgroundColor(Color.Blue)
            .size({ width: 30, height: 30 })
            .onClick(() => {
              router.back()
            })

          Text('文档列表')
            .fontSize(28)
            .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
        }
        .padding({ left: 10, right: 10 })
        .width('100%')
        .backgroundColor(Color.Red)
        .height(40)

        Divider()
        Button('新建文档')
          .onClick(() => {
            // 添加文档
            this.docs.push(this.index)

            // 跳转的目的地want
            let want: Want = {
              deviceId: '',
              bundleName: 'com.example.xxx',
              moduleName: 'entry',
              abilityName: 'DocumentAbility',
              parameters: {
                instanceKey: 'idx_' + this.index++
              }
            }
            // 跳转
            this.context.startAbility(want)
          })

        ForEach(this.docs, (idx: number) => {
          Row({ space: 10 }) {
            Image('')
              .width(20)
              .aspectRatio(1)
              .backgroundColor(Color.Red)

            Text(`文档${idx}`)
              .fontSize(18)
              .onClick(() => {
                // 跳转的目的地want
                let want: Want = {
                  deviceId: '',
                  bundleName: 'com.example.yjbasicproject',
                  moduleName: 'entry',
                  abilityName: 'DocumentAbility',
                  parameters: {
                    instanceKey: 'idx_' + idx
                  }
                }
                // 跳转
                this.context.startAbility(want)
              })
          }.width('100%')
        })
      }
      .width('100%')
      .height('100%')
      .padding(20)
    }
  }
}

// 新建 ..../..../DocumentPage.ets

import common from '@ohos.app.ability.common'
import { Want } from '@ohos.app.ability.Want'

@Entry
@Component
struct DocumentPage {

  private context = this.getContext(this) as common.UIAbilityContext
  @State editTitle: boolean = true
  @State title: string = '标题'
  @State content: string = ''

  build() {
    Row() {
      Column({ space: 10 }) {
        Row({ space: 10 }) {
          Image('')
            .width(50)
            .aspectRatio(1)
            .backgroundColor(Color.Red)

            .onClick(() => {
              // 跳转的目的地want
              let want: Want = {
                deviceId: '',
                bundleName: 'com.example.xxxxx',
                moduleName: 'entry',
                abilityName: 'EntryAbility',

              }
              // 跳转
              this.context.startAbility(want)
            })

          if (!this.editTitle) {
            Text(this.title)
              .fontSize(30)
              .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
              .onClick(() => this.editTitle = true)
          } else {
            TextInput({
              placeholder: '请输入标题',
              text: this.title
            })
              .layoutWeight(1)
              .onChange(val => this.title = val)
            Button('确定')
              .onClick(() => this.editTitle = false)
          }
        }
        .width('100%')
        Divider()
        TextArea({
          placeholder: '请输入文档内容',
          text: this.content
        })
          .layoutWeight(1)
          .onChange(val => this.content = val)

      }
      .width('100%')
      .height('100%')
      .padding(10)

    }
  }
}

3、新建DocumentAbility

import { AbilityConstant, UIAbility, Want } from '@kit.AbilityKit';
import { hilog } from '@kit.PerformanceAnalysisKit';
import { window } from '@kit.ArkUI';

export default class DocumentAbility extends UIAbility {
  onCreate(want: Want, launchParam: AbilityConstant.LaunchParam): void {
    hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', 'Ability onCreate');
  }

  onDestroy(): void {
    hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', 'Ability onDestroy');
  }

  onWindowStageCreate(windowStage: window.WindowStage): void {
    // Main window is created, set main page for this ability
    hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', 'Ability onWindowStageCreate');

    windowStage.loadContent('pages/Document/DocumentPage', (err) => {
      if (err.code) {
        hilog.error(0x0000, 'testTag', 'Failed to load the content. Cause: %{public}s', JSON.stringify(err) ?? '');
        return;
      }
      hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', 'Succeeded in loading the content.');
    });
  }

  onWindowStageDestroy(): void {
    // Main window is destroyed, release UI related resources
    hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', 'Ability onWindowStageDestroy');
  }

  onForeground(): void {
    // Ability has brought to foreground
    hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', 'Ability onForeground');
  }

  onBackground(): void {
    // Ability has back to background
    hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', 'Ability onBackground');
  }
}

4、新建MyAbilityStage.ets

import { AbilityStage } from '@ohos.app.ability.AbilityStage';
import { Want } from '@ohos.app.ability.Want';

export default class MyAbilityStage extends AbilityStage {
  onAcceptWant(want: Want): string {
    if (want.abilityName === 'DocumentAbility') {
      return `DocAbilityInstance_${want.parameters?.instanceKey}`
    }
    return ''
  }
}

5、module.json5 配置文件

// 增加
 "abilities": [
      {
        "name": "EntryAbility",
        "srcEntry": "./ets/entryability/EntryAbility.ets",
        "description": "$string:EntryAbility_desc",
        "icon": "$media:layered_image",
        "label": "$string:EntryAbility_label",
        "startWindowIcon": "$media:startIcon",
        "startWindowBackground": "$color:start_window_background",
        "exported": true,
        "skills": [
          {
            "entities": [
              "entity.system.home"
            ],
            "actions": [
              "action.system.home"
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "DocumentAbility",
        "srcEntry": "./ets/documentability/DocumentAbility.ets",
        "description": "$string:DocumentAbility_desc",
        "icon": "$media:layered_image",
        "label": "$string:DocumentAbility_label",
        "launchType": "specified",
        "startWindowIcon": "$media:startIcon",
        "startWindowBackground": "$color:start_window_background"
      },
    ],
// 增加
    "srcEntry": "./ets/AbilityStage/MyAbilityStage.ets",