Flutter文件打开功能插件fl_open_file的使用

概述

fl_open_file 是一个用于在 Flutter 中调用原生应用打开文件的插件，支持多种平台，包括 iOS（通过 DocumentInteraction）、Android（通过 Intent）、PC（通过 FFI）和 Web（通过 dart:html）。

使用方法

添加依赖

在 pubspec.yaml 文件中添加 fl_open_file 插件作为依赖项。例如：

dependencies:
  fl_open_file: ^lastVersion

注意：确保使用最新版本号。

请求权限（从 3.3.0 开始）

如果你需要打开外部文件，请确保在 Android 上请求权限。这是一个示例代码：

import 'package:fl_open_file/fl_open_file.dart';

void openExternalFile() async {
  final result = await OpenFile.open("/sdcard/example.txt");
  print("File opened with status: ${result.type}");
}

示例代码

以下是一个完整的示例代码，展示了如何使用 fl_open_file 插件来打开文件：

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:fl_open_file/fl_open_file.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      home: Scaffold(
        appBar: AppBar(title: Text('fl_open_file 示例')),
        body: Center(
          child: ElevatedButton(
            onPressed: () async {
              // 打开文件
              final result = await OpenFile.open("/sdcard/example.txt");

              // 打印结果状态
              print("文件打开状态: ${result.type}, 消息: ${result.message}");
            },
            child: Text('打开文件'),
          ),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

支持的文件类型

Android

以下是 Android 平台支持的文件类型映射表：

{
  ".3gp": "video/3gpp",
  ".torrent": "application/x-bittorrent",
  ".kml": "application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml",
  ".gpx": "application/gpx+xml",
  ".csv": "application/vnd.ms-excel",
  ".apk": "application/vnd.android.package-archive",
  ".asf": "video/x-ms-asf",
  ".avi": "video/x-msvideo",
  ".bin": "application/octet-stream",
  ".bmp": "image/bmp",
  ".c": "text/plain",
  ".class": "application/octet-stream",
  ".conf": "text/plain",
  ".cpp": "text/plain",
  ".doc": "application/msword",
  ".docx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document",
  ".xls": "application/vnd.ms-excel",
  ".xlsx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
  ".exe": "application/octet-stream",
  ".gif": "image/gif",
  ".gtar": "application/x-gtar",
  ".gz": "application/x-gzip",
  ".h": "text/plain",
  ".htm": "text/html",
  ".html": "text/html",
  ".jar": "application/java-archive",
  ".java": "text/plain",
  ".jpeg": "image/jpeg",
  ".jpg": "image/jpeg",
  ".js": "application/x-javascript",
  ".log": "text/plain",
  ".m3u": "audio/x-mpegurl",
  ".m4a": "audio/mp4a-latm",
  ".m4b": "audio/mp4a-latm",
  ".m4p": "audio/mp4a-latm",
  ".m4u": "video/vnd.mpegurl",
  ".m4v": "video/x-m4v",
  ".mov": "video/quicktime",
  ".mp2": "audio/x-mpeg",
  ".mp3": "audio/x-mpeg",
  ".mp4": "video/mp4",
  ".mpc": "application/vnd.mpohun.certificate",
  ".mpe": "video/mpeg",
  ".mpeg": "video/mpeg",
  ".mpg": "video/mpeg",
  ".mpg4": "video/mp4",
  ".mpga": "audio/mpeg",
  ".msg": "application/vnd.ms-outlook",
  ".ogg": "audio/ogg",
  ".pdf": "application/pdf",
  ".png": "image/png",
  ".pps": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",
  ".ppt": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",
  ".pptx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation",
  ".prop": "text/plain",
  ".rc": "text/plain",
  ".rmvb": "audio/x-pn-realaudio",
  ".rtf": "application/rtf",
  ".sh": "text/plain",
  ".tar": "application/x-tar",
  ".tgz": "application/x-compressed",
  ".txt": "text/plain",
  ".wav": "audio/x-wav",
  ".wma": "audio/x-ms-wma",
  ".wmv": "audio/x-ms-wmv",
  ".wps": "application/vnd.ms-works",
  ".xml": "text/plain",
  ".z": "application/x-compress",
  ".zip": "application/x-zip-compressed",
  "": "*/*"
}

iOS

以下是 iOS 平台支持的文件类型映射表：

{
  ".rtf": "public.rtf",
  ".txt": "public.plain-text",
  ".html": "public.html",
  ".htm": "public.html",
  ".xml": "public.xml",
  ".tar": "public.tar-archive",
  ".gz": "org.gnu.gnu-zip-archive",
  ".gzip": "org.gnu.gnu-zip-archive",
  ".tgz": "org.gnu.gnu-zip-tar-archive",
  ".jpg": "public.jpeg",
  ".jpeg": "public.jpeg",
  ".png": "public.png",
  ".avi": "public.avi",
  ".mpg": "public.mpeg",
  ".mpeg": "public.mpeg",
  ".mp4": "public.mpeg-4",
  ".3gpp": "public.3gpp",
  ".3gp": "public.3gpp",
  ".mp3": "public.mp3",
  ".zip": "com.pkware.zip-archive",
  ".gif": "com.compuserve.gif",
  ".bmp": "com.microsoft.bmp",
  ".ico": "com.microsoft.ico",
  ".doc": "com.microsoft.word.doc",
  ".xls": "com.microsoft.excel.xls",
  ".ppt": "com.microsoft.powerpoint.​ppt",
  ".wav": "com.microsoft.waveform-​audio",
  ".wm": "com.microsoft.windows-​media-wm",
  ".wmv": "com.microsoft.windows-​media-wmv",
  ".pdf": "com.adobe.pdf"
}

解决冲突问题

Android 的 FileProvider 配置

如果遇到其他插件与 FileProvider 冲突的情况，可以在 AndroidManifest.xml 文件中添加以下配置：

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
          xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
          package="xxx.xxx.xxxxx">
    <application>
        ...
        <provider
            android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="${applicationId}.fileProvider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true"
            tools:replace="android:authorities">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/filepaths"
                tools:replace="android:resource" />
        </provider>
    </application>
</manifest>

同时，在 res/xml/filepaths.xml 文件中添加以下内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <external-path name="external_storage_directory" path="." />
</resources>

Android 的支持库版本冲突

如果遇到 com.android.support:appcompat-v7 版本冲突问题，可以在 /android/build.gradle 文件中添加以下代码：

subprojects {
    project.configurations.all {
        resolutionStrategy.eachDependency { details ->
            if (details.requested.group == 'com.android.support'
                    && !details.requested.name.contains('multidex') ) {
                details.useVersion "27.1.1"
            }
        }
    }
}