Python3 桌面右下角图标动态显示数据如何实现，适合新手入门！
我想实现动态读取串口数据，当收到数据时，已经在桌面右下角建立的图标闪烁显示有数据开始处理，无数据时显示等待图标，我弄了下，只能手动点击触发，对这个类有点不太明白如何实现收到数据自动切换图标，请论坛高手给指点一下，在此谢过！
代码如下
#encoding:utf-8
import os
import sys
import time
import win32api
import win32con
import win32gui_struct
import threading
try:
import winxpgui as win32gui
except ImportError:
import win32gui
mainfile = os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0])
class SysTrayIcon(object):
QUIT = ‘QUIT’
SPECIAL_ACTIONS = [QUIT]
FIRST_ID = 1023
def __init__(self,
icon,
hover_text,
menu_options,
on_quit=None,
default_menu_index=None,
window_class_name=None,):
self.icon = icon
self.hover_text = hover_text
self.on_quit = on_quit
menu_options = menu_options + (('退出', None, self.QUIT),)
self._next_action_id = self.FIRST_ID
self.menu_actions_by_id = set()
self.menu_options = self._add_ids_to_menu_options(list(menu_options))
self.menu_actions_by_id = dict(self.menu_actions_by_id)
del self._next_action_id
self.default_menu_index = (default_menu_index or 0)
self.window_class_name = window_class_name or "SysTrayIconPy"
message_map = {win32gui.RegisterWindowMessage("TaskbarCreated"): self.restart,
win32con.WM_DESTROY: self.destroy,
win32con.WM_COMMAND: self.command,
win32con.WM_USER+20 : self.notify,}
# Register the Window class.
window_class = win32gui.WNDCLASS()
hinst = window_class.hInstance = win32gui.GetModuleHandle(None)
window_class.lpszClassName = self.window_class_name
window_class.style = win32con.CS_VREDRAW | win32con.CS_HREDRAW;
window_class.hCursor = win32gui.LoadCursor(0, win32con.IDC_ARROW)
window_class.hbrBackground = win32con.COLOR_WINDOW
window_class.lpfnWndProc = message_map # could also specify a wndproc.
classAtom = win32gui.RegisterClass(window_class)
# Create the Window.
style = win32con.WS_OVERLAPPED | win32con.WS_SYSMENU
self.hwnd = win32gui.CreateWindow(classAtom,
self.window_class_name,
style,
0,
0,
win32con.CW_USEDEFAULT,
win32con.CW_USEDEFAULT,
0,
0,
hinst,
None)
win32gui.UpdateWindow(self.hwnd)
self.notify_id = None
self.refresh_icon()
win32gui.PumpMessages()
def _add_ids_to_menu_options(self, menu_options):
result = []
for menu_option in menu_options:
option_text, option_icon, option_action = menu_option
if callable(option_action) or option_action in self.SPECIAL_ACTIONS:
self.menu_actions_by_id.add((self._next_action_id, option_action))
result.append(menu_option + (self._next_action_id,))
elif non_string_iterable(option_action):
result.append((option_text,
option_icon,
self._add_ids_to_menu_options(option_action),
self._next_action_id))
else:
pass
#print ('Unknown item', option_text, option_icon, option_action)
self._next_action_id += 1
return result
def refresh_icon(self):
# Try and find a custom icon
hinst = win32gui.GetModuleHandle(None)
if os.path.isfile(self.icon):
icon_flags = win32con.LR_LOADFROMFILE | win32con.LR_DEFAULTSIZE
hicon = win32gui.LoadImage(hinst,
self.icon,
win32con.IMAGE_ICON,
0,
0,
icon_flags)
else:
#print ("Can't find icon file - using default.")
hicon = win32gui.LoadIcon(0, win32con.IDI_APPLICATION)
if self.notify_id: message = win32gui.NIM_MODIFY
else: message = win32gui.NIM_ADD
self.notify_id = (self.hwnd,
0,
win32gui.NIF_ICON | win32gui.NIF_MESSAGE | win32gui.NIF_TIP,
win32con.WM_USER+20,
hicon,
self.hover_text)
win32gui.Shell_NotifyIcon(message, self.notify_id)
def restart(self, hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam):
self.refresh_icon()
def destroy(self, hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam):
if self.on_quit: self.on_quit(self)
nid = (self.hwnd, 0)
win32gui.Shell_NotifyIcon(win32gui.NIM_DELETE, nid)
win32gui.PostQuitMessage(0) # Terminate the app.
def notify(self, hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam):
if lparam==win32con.WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK:
self.execute_menu_option(self.default_menu_index + self.FIRST_ID)
elif lparam==win32con.WM_RBUTTONUP:
self.show_menu()
elif lparam==win32con.WM_LBUTTONUP:
pass
return True
def show_menu(self):
menu = win32gui.CreatePopupMenu()
self.create_menu(menu, self.menu_options)
#win32gui.SetMenuDefaultItem(menu, 1000, 0)
pos = win32gui.GetCursorPos()
# See http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/winui/menus_0hdi.asp
win32gui.SetForegroundWindow(self.hwnd)
win32gui.TrackPopupMenu(menu,
win32con.TPM_LEFTALIGN,
pos[0],
pos[1],
0,
self.hwnd,
None)
win32gui.PostMessage(self.hwnd, win32con.WM_NULL, 0, 0)
def create_menu(self, menu, menu_options):
for option_text, option_icon, option_action, option_id in menu_options[::-1]:
if option_icon:
option_icon = self.prep_menu_icon(option_icon)
if option_id in self.menu_actions_by_id:
item, extras = win32gui_struct.PackMENUITEMINFO(text=option_text,
hbmpItem=option_icon,
wID=option_id)
win32gui.InsertMenuItem(menu, 0, 1, item)
else:
submenu = win32gui.CreatePopupMenu()
self.create_menu(submenu, option_action)
item, extras = win32gui_struct.PackMENUITEMINFO(text=option_text,
hbmpItem=option_icon,
hSubMenu=submenu)
win32gui.InsertMenuItem(menu, 0, 1, item)
def prep_menu_icon(self, icon):
# First load the icon.
ico_x = win32api.GetSystemMetrics(win32con.SM_CXSMICON)
ico_y = win32api.GetSystemMetrics(win32con.SM_CYSMICON)
hicon = win32gui.LoadImage(0, icon, win32con.IMAGE_ICON, ico_x, ico_y, win32con.LR_LOADFROMFILE)
hdcBitmap = win32gui.CreateCompatibleDC(0)
hdcScreen = win32gui.GetDC(0)
hbm = win32gui.CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdcScreen, ico_x, ico_y)
hbmOld = win32gui.SelectObject(hdcBitmap, hbm)
# Fill the background.
brush = win32gui.GetSysColorBrush(win32con.COLOR_MENU)
win32gui.FillRect(hdcBitmap, (0, 0, 16, 16), brush)
# unclear if brush needs to be feed. Best clue I can find is:
# "GetSysColorBrush returns a cached brush instead of allocating a new
# one." - implies no DeleteObject
# draw the icon
win32gui.DrawIconEx(hdcBitmap, 0, 0, hicon, ico_x, ico_y, 0, 0, win32con.DI_NORMAL)
win32gui.SelectObject(hdcBitmap, hbmOld)
win32gui.DeleteDC(hdcBitmap)
return hbm
def command(self, hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam):
id = win32gui.LOWORD(wparam)
self.execute_menu_option(id)
def execute_menu_option(self, id):
menu_action = self.menu_actions_by_id[id]
if menu_action == self.QUIT:
win32gui.DestroyWindow(self.hwnd)
else:
menu_action(self)
def non_string_iterable(obj):
try:
iter(obj)
except TypeError:
return False
else:
#return not isinstance(obj, basestring)#python2.7 user
return not isinstance(obj, (str))
import itertools, glob
icons = itertools.cycle(glob.glob(’.ico’))
hover_text = “com1 9600 n 8 1 \n load:902”
print (glob.glob(’.ico’))
def switch_icon(sysTrayIcon):
sysTrayIcon.icon = icons.next()
sysTrayIcon.refresh_icon()
def switch_icon2(sysTrayIcon):
for i in ‘1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8’:
sysTrayIcon.icon = icons.next()
sysTrayIcon.refresh_icon()
time.sleep(0.2)
def stop_dec(sysTrayIcon):
sysTrayIcon.icon = os.path.join(mainfile,‘ico’,‘stop.ico’)
#print (os.path.join(mainfile,‘ico’,‘stop.ico’))
sysTrayIcon.refresh_icon()
#time.sleep(0.2)
#os.mknod(“stop”)
f = open(os.path.join(mainfile,‘stop’),‘w’)
f.close()
def opendecini(sysTrayIcon):
if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(mainfile,‘dec2017.INI’)):
os.startfile(os.path.join(mainfile,‘dec2017.INI’))
def hello(sysTrayIcon): pass#print (“Hello World.”)
def simon(sysTrayIcon): pass#print (“Hello Simon.”)
def rehandle(sysTrayIcon): pass#print (“rehandling…”)
menu_options = ((‘switch_icon2’,icons.next(), switch_icon2),
(‘重新接收数据’,icons.next(), del_raw),
(‘修改配置’, None, opendecini),
(‘other’, None, ((‘stop’, None, hello),
(‘star’, None, simon),
(‘原始数据’, None, opendeclog),
(‘结果数据’, None, opendeclog),
(‘生成文件’, None, switch_icon),
))
)
def bye(sysTrayIcon):
sys.exit(0)
print (sys.argv[0])
on_quit=bye
default_menu_index=1
t1=threading.Thread(target=SysTrayIcon,args=(icons.next(), hover_text, menu_options,on_quit, default_menu_index))
t1.start()
str = input("输入任意字符 exit: ")
print (“收到字符:”, str)
Python3 桌面右下角图标动态显示数据如何实现，适合新手入门！
用Python在桌面右下角（系统托盘）动态显示数据，对新手来说，pystray 库是个不错的选择。它跨平台（Windows、macOS、Linux），上手简单。
下面是一个完整的示例，它会创建一个托盘图标，并每隔2秒更新一次图标上显示的当前时间。
首先，安装库：
pip install pystray Pillow
然后是代码：
import pystray
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
import threading
import time
from datetime import datetime
# 1. 创建一张空图片作为图标画布
def create_image(text):
# 创建一个 64x64 的空白图像，背景透明
image = Image.new('RGBA', (64, 64), (255, 255, 255, 0))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image)
# 尝试加载字体，如果失败则使用默认字体
try:
font = ImageFont.truetype("arial.ttf", 20)
except:
font = ImageFont.load_default()
# 获取文本尺寸并居中绘制
bbox = draw.textbbox((0, 0), text, font=font)
text_width = bbox[2] - bbox[0]
text_height = bbox[3] - bbox[1]
position = ((64 - text_width) // 2, (64 - text_height) // 2)
# 绘制白色文字和黑色边框（增强可读性）
draw.text(position, text, font=font, fill=(255, 255, 255, 255))
draw.text(position, text, font=font, fill=(0, 0, 0, 255), stroke_width=1)
return image
# 2. 动态更新图标的函数
def update_icon(icon):
while True:
# 获取当前时间并格式化为字符串
current_time = datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M")
# 创建新图标
new_image = create_image(current_time)
# 更新托盘图标
icon.icon = new_image
# 每隔2秒更新一次
time.sleep(2)
# 3. 主程序
def main():
# 创建初始图标（显示"启动"）
initial_image = create_image("启动")
# 创建托盘图标
icon = pystray.Icon("data_display", initial_image, "数据监控")
# 添加一个简单的退出菜单项
icon.menu = pystray.Menu(
pystray.MenuItem("退出", lambda: icon.stop())
)
# 启动更新线程
update_thread = threading.Thread(target=update_icon, args=(icon,), daemon=True)
update_thread.start()
# 运行托盘图标
icon.run()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
代码说明：
create_image()函数：用PIL库动态生成带文字的图标图片。你可以修改这个函数来显示任何数据（比如CPU使用率、温度等）。update_icon()函数：在一个独立线程中循环运行，定期更新图标内容。这里演示的是显示当前时间。- 主程序：初始化图标，启动更新线程，然后进入系统托盘的事件循环。
运行效果： 程序启动后，会在系统托盘区看到一个图标，上面显示的时间会每2秒更新一次。右键图标可以选择“退出”。
改成显示你的数据： 只需修改 update_icon() 函数中的 current_time = ... 这一行，替换成你自己的数据获取逻辑即可。比如用 psutil 库获取CPU使用率：current_data = f"CPU:{psutil.cpu_percent()}%"。
总结：核心就是开个线程定期更新图标图片。
代码参考的这个写的
https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000008579491/a-1020000008579881
上面网址代码 python2.7 可以运行
